A new thermoresponsive polymer with reactive aldehyde groups for postmodification to tune the solubility and phase transition temperature

Thermoresponsive behavior of poly[trialkyl-(4-vinylbenzyl)ammonium] based polyelectrolytes in aqueous salt solutions

“…33,34 Many other small molecular ions can be used to turn polycations insoluble in water as well. 33,35,36 Polycations with such ions that have a UCST type behavior in water as it has been shown for polycations with tetrafluoroborate, 30,32,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (NTf 2 ), 49,50 or trifluoromethanesulfonate (OTf ) 49,51 as their counterions. Certain polycations have a UCST type transition with a halide, 30,37,44,48,52,53 thiocyanate, 44,53 or perchlorate 44,53 as a counterion as well.…”

“…These polycations usually have repeating units with high hydrocarbon content. The UCST behavior can be achieved by synthesizing the polymers with the aforementioned counterions 32,[38][39][40][41][42][43][45][46][47]51 or by introducing the ions into solutions of water soluble polycations. 44,49,50,53 The cloud points for cationic polymers synthesized with a hydrophobic anion have been observed to be highly concentration dependent.…”

“…44,49,50,53 The cloud points for cationic polymers synthesized with a hydrophobic anion have been observed to be highly concentration dependent. 32,[41][42][43][45][46][47] In this approach, increasing the polymer concentration naturally increases the counterion concentration as well, which may be the cause for the strong concentration dependency. When the counterion is introduced in situ, the effect of polymer concentration on the cloud point is small with low polymer concentration, but it is possible that the dependency becomes more significant with higher polymer concentrations.…”

Synthesis of Thermo‐, Oxidation‐, pH‐, and CO2‐Responsive Polymers via the Combination of Aza‐Michael and Thiol‐Michael Reactions in One Pot

“…Aza‐Michael reactions, namely reactions between amines as Michael donors and electron‐deficient olefins/alkynes as Michael acceptors, can be carried out without additional base since amines can act as both nucleophiles and bases, which means that the adducts can be accessed via easily mixing amines with activated olefins. Derived from the step‐growth aza‐Michael addition polymerization, the amine‐containing polymers are generally pH‐responsive and CO 2 ‐responsive, and they can usually be protonated and electropositive so as to interact electrostatically with negatively charged materials . In the case of thiol‐Michael reactions, the thiols are the Michael donors.…”

New Aldehyde‐Functional Methacrylic Water‐Soluble Polymers

“…[9] However,s urprisingly few aldehyde-functional monomers have been reported in the literature. [10,11,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Most of these examples are hydro-phobic (e.g.4 -vinylbenzaldehyde) and hence produce waterinsoluble polymers. [16,[19][20][21][22][23][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] This is unfortunate,b ecause aldehyde groups enable facile conjugation to peptides/proteins and water-soluble dyes in aqueous solution under mild conditions.…”