A new terrestrial active mineralizing hydrothermal system associated with ore-bearing travertines in Greece (northern Euboea Island and Sperchios area)

Abstract

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Formation and Aggregation of Gold (Electrum) Nanoparticles in Epithermal Ores

“…The recent discovery of gold nanoparticles in sub-aerial geothermal systems [2,26,27] and submarine hydrothermal vents [28], along with the documentation of metal-sulfide nanoparticles in the "black smoke" emanating from submarine vents, suggest that gold and other metallic nanoparticles may be important contributors to a variety of hydrothermal ores, such as volcanogenic massive sulfideor Carlin-type ores. However, the essential requirement appears to be the evolution of hydrothermal fluids to form gold-supersaturated, far-from-equilibrium conditions that are capable of forming nanoparticles.…”

“…Although we describe the role of nanoparticles in epithermal ore formation here, perhaps such particles are important in other systems. For example, gold colloids, nanoparticles, and/or nanocrystals also have been documented in "supergene" ± bacterial processes related to weathering of gold ores and gold-nugget formation [19][20][21], in volcanic fumaroles [22,23], in Carlin-type gold deposits [24,25], and also in active geothermal systems [2,[26][27][28]. Finally, metallic sulfide nanoparticles are significant components in the "black smoke" discharging from submarine hydrothermal vents [29][30][31].…”

A New Occurrence of Terrestrial Native Iron in the Earth’s Surface: The Ilia Thermogenic Travertine Case, Northwestern Euboea, Greece

“…At the northwestern part of Euboea Island and the neighboring area of Sperchios (mainland), several hot springs occur (Figure 1), considered to be part of a single hydrothermal system, which is controlled by active tectonics, and supplied with heat by the deep magma chamber [66]. Euboea's hot springs are characterized by a mixture of seawater and deep magmatic fluid with only limited meteoric water contribution [66].…”

“…Euboea's hot springs are characterized by a mixture of seawater and deep magmatic fluid with only limited meteoric water contribution [66]. Another salient feature of them is the dominance of thermogenic travertine deposition [67][68][69][70].…”

“…Another salient feature of them is the dominance of thermogenic travertine deposition [67][68][69][70]. Kanellopoulos et al [66] described active metallogenetic processes at the system leading to ore-bearing travertines including Ilia's travertine.…”