A New ternary organometallic Pd(ii)/Fe(iii)/Ru(iii) self-assembly monolayer: the essential ensemble synergistic for improving catalytic activity

Abstract

An ensemble synergistic effect between metals, ligand and support occurs when an electron transferred from GOvia ligand to Ru, and then to Pd or from Fe to Pd, to make Pd more negative, resulting in higher activity.

Fabrication and Catalytic Property of an Ordered Terpyridine Pd(II)/Ni(II) Catalytic Monolayer for Suzuki Coupling Reactions

“…A significant loss in recyclability was not observed after the fourth run; however, a low yield was obtained after the fifth run (51%). When the reaction time was increased to 24 h at the seventh run, an yield of 60% was obtained, suggesting deactivation in the recycling process [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. The contents of Pd and Ni reused at the fourth and fifth runs were also measured, with the values being 1.34 × 10 -7 (fresh: 2.43 × 10 -6 ) mmol/cm 2 and 1.48 × 10 -8 (fresh: 3.38 × 10 -7 ) mmol/cm 2 , respectively.…”

“…Studies have demonstrated that the catalytic activity of the mono-or bi-organometallic catalytic monolayers can be improved by quantifying film morphology, tuning the composition of different metals, elucidating the relative distributions of electrons (which are related to the electrical characteristics of the ligand), and modifying the support and synergy of hetero-bimetals [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Appropriate supports, such as silicon with a greater flat surface, can result in a high dispersion and reproducibility of ordered organometallic catalytic monolayers [21-23, 25, 36-38].…”

Controllable Cyclopalladated Polythiophene Imine Monolayer by Self-Assembly, Hybrid Doping and Electrochemical Polymerization: A Simple Way to Enhance Activity and Stability

“…Comparisons of the reported similar studies are presented in Table S5, indicating that a higher TON value of this work could be obtained. Recycling ability is considered an important factorbecause the recycling and stability of catalysts play an important role in industrial applications [13,[28][29][30][31]. As shown in Figure 7, recycling of these catalytic monolayers is also investigated.…”

Pd/Co3O4–Pd/PdO formed in situ on the surface of the self-assembly ferrocenylimine Pd(ii)/Co(ii) monolayer for catalyzing the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction—formation, synergistic effect, and catalytic mechanism

“…57–62 Previous studies on ligands, the molecular structure of the surface, metal combination, and carrier with the synergy between metals to develop the higher active catalysts have been our effort directions. 14,60–79…”