A new synthetic access to 2-N-(glycosyl)thiosemicarbazides from 3-N-(glycosyl)oxadiazolinethiones and the regioselectivity of the glycosylation of their oxadiazolinethione precursors

Abstract

SummaryGlycosylations of 5-(1H-indol-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoline-2(3H)-thione delivered various degrees of S- and/or N-glycosides depending on the reaction conditions. S-Glycosides were obtained regiospecifically by grinding oxadiazolinethiones with acylated α-D-glycosyl halides in basic alumina, whereas 3-N-(glycosyl)oxadiazolinethiones were selectively obtained by reaction with HgCl2 followed by heating the resultant chloromercuric salt with α-D-glycosyl halides in toluene under reflux. On using Et3N or K2CO3 as a base, mixtures of S- (major degree) and N-glycosides (minor degree) were obtained. Pure 3-N-(glycosyl)oxadiazolinethiones can also be selectively obtained from glycosylsulfanyloxadiazoles by the thermal S→N migration of the glycosyl moiety, which is proposed to occur by a tight-ion-pair mechanism. Thermal S→N migration of the glycosyl moiety can be used for purification of mixtures of S- or N-glycosides to obtain the pure N-glycosides. The aminolysis of the respective S- or N-glycosides with ammonia in aqueous methanol served as further confirmation of their structures. While in S-glycosides the glycosyl moiety was cleaved off again, 3-N-(glycosyl)oxadiazolinethiones showed a ring opening of the oxadiazoline ring (without affecting the glycosyl moiety) to give N-(glycosyl)thiosemicarbazides. Herewith, a new synthetic access to one of the four classes of glycosylthiosemicarbazides was found. The ultimate confirmation of new structures was achieved by X-ray crystallography. Finally, action of ammonia on benzylated 3-N-(galactosyl)oxadiazolinethione unexpectedly yielded 3-N-(galactosyl)triazolinethione. This represents a new path to the conversion of glycosyloxadiazolinethiones to new glycosyltriazolinethione nucleosides, which was until now unknown.

Expeditious Green Synthesis of Novel 4-Methyl-1,2,5,6-tetraazafluoranthen-3(2H)-one Analogue from Ninhydrin: N/S-Alkylation and Aza-Michael Addition

“…As part of our current studies on the development of new routes in heterocyclic synthesis, − here we focused on the synthesis of new heterocyclic systems from ninhydrin. Stirring ninhydrin 1 with ethyl acetoacetate 2 in water for 15 min afforded ethyl indeno­[1,2- b ]­furan-3-carboxylate 3 in excellent yield .…”

A new direct synthetic access to 4-amino-2-N-(glycosyl/propyl)-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones via hydrazinolysis of 3-N-((acylated glycosyl)/allyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiones

“…Herein, we intended to study the reactivity of some previously reported S-alkylated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and N-alkylated 1,3,4-oxadiazole-thiones 21,22 with hydrazine giving the possibility of obtainined 4-amino-1,2,4-triazoles from 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives.…”

Synthesis of New Functionalized Indoles Based on Ethyl Indol-2-carboxylate

“…Given the significant pharmacological activities associated with these heterocycles, and in order to contribute to the development of the chemistry of indole [24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32], we were interested in the synthesis of new heterocyclic polyfunctional indole derivative systems using alkylation reactions.…”