A new subfamily classification of the <i>Citrus</i> family (Rutaceae) based on six nuclear and plastid markers

Appelhans, Marc S.; Bayly, Michael J.; Heslewood, Margaret M.; Groppo, Milton; Verboom, G. Anthony; Forster, Paul I.; Kallunki, Jacquelyn A.; Duretto, Marco F.

doi:10.1002/tax.12543

Cited by 39 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Also in Peltostigma, the carpels are only united laterally with each other at the level of the ovary and, more distally, the carpels are postgenitally united across the floral centre leaving an empty space in the centre of the ovary (see Engler, 1897). One or two ovules are present in each carpel (Engler, 1897;Appelhans et al, 2021). As in Covidifructus, fruits are capsular.…”

Section: Comparison With Extant Taxamentioning

confidence: 99%

A multicarpellate fruit from Late Cretaceous sediments of South Bohemia, Czech Republic

Heřmanová¹,

Čepičková

Kvaček³

et al. 2022

Palaeontol Electron

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The gynoecium of most angiosperms consists of two or more united carpels and syncarpy is generally considered a key innovation. Multicarpellate-syncarpous gynoecia, i.e., with more than five united carpels, are overall rare, probably because of developmental and functional constraints. Based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray computed tomography (microCT), we here describe a new fossil taxon, Covidifructus multicarpellatus, from the Late Cretaceous (Late Turonian-Santonian) of Southern Bohemia (Czech Republic). The new fossil taxon is based on a single syncarpous gynoecium (an immature fruit) consisting of 10 carpels, each containing a single seed; no other floral organs are preserved. The gynoecium morphology of C. multicarpellatus is highly complex and involves an enclosed, undifferentiated floral apex, an empty space in the centre of the ovary formed by the postgenital union of the distal parts of the carpels, an irregular apical closure of the ovary, and possibly an extra-gynoecial compitum. Similar gynoecium morphologies have evolved convergently in various angiosperm lineages and are directly linked with the special developmental (architectural) challenges of forming a functional syncarpous gynoecium with many carpels. Among extant angiosperms, C. multicarpellatus is most similar to Dillenia (Dilleniaceae). However, a systematic assignment based on gynoecium characters alone would involve a high level of uncertainty, even if the gynoecial features of C. multicarpellatus are rare among other angiosperms.

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Section: Comparison With Extant Taxamentioning

confidence: 99%

A multicarpellate fruit from Late Cretaceous sediments of South Bohemia, Czech Republic

Heřmanová¹,

Čepičková

Kvaček³

et al. 2022

Palaeontol Electron

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“…Rutaceae is a large family (c. 154 genera and 2100 species) with great diversity in morphological characters and a nearly worldwide distribution (Appelhans et al, 2021 ; Groppo et al, 2022 ; Kubitzki et al, 2011 ; Zhang et al, 2008 ). This family comprises tall or short trees, shrubs or climbers, and rarely herbs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastome evolution and phylogeny of the tribe Ruteae (Rutaceae)

Liu

Gao

Dong

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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Rutaceae is a large family, and the genus‐level classification in the subfamilies or tribes of this family is not unified based on different taxonomic treatments. Until now, phylogenetic relationships of some genera in traditional tribe Ruteae have not been clearly resolved. In this study, seven new complete plastomes of this tribe were sequenced, and a comparative analysis was performed to investigate their plastome characteristics and evolution. In addition, we inferred the phylogenetic relationships of Ruteae based on complete plastome and nuclear ITS data. All plastomes exhibited a typical quadripartite structure and were relatively conserved in their structure and gene arrangement. Their genome sizes ranged from 154,656 bp to 160,677 bp, and the size variation was found to be associated with differences in IR expansion and gene loss. A total of 112 to 114 genes were identified in the genomes, including 78 to 79 protein‐coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, 4 rRNA genes, and 2 pseudogenes. Sequence divergence analysis indicated that non‐coding regions exhibited a higher percentage of variable characters, and nine non‐coding and six coding regions were identified as divergent hotspots. Phylogenetic results based on different datasets showed that this tribe was divided into three reciprocally exclusive groups. The phylogenetic analyses between plastome and nuclear ITS data were partly incongruent with each other. This study provides new insights into plastome evolution of Ruteae as well as Rutaceae. The availability of these plastomes provides useful genomic resources for molecular DNA barcodes and phylogenetically informative markers and deepens our understanding of the phylogeny in Ruteae.

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“…A small number of Philotheca species have been included in molecular phylogenetic studies assessing higher-level relationships of Australian Rutaceae (Chase et al 1999;Scott et al 2000;Groppo et al 2008;Salvo et al 2010;Bayly et al 2013;Morton and Telmer 2014;Appelhans et al 2021) or as outgroups in analyses of other genera (Othman et al 2010;French et al 2016). At most, these studies have included one species of sect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny, classification and biogeography of

et al. 2022

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Philotheca sect. Erionema includes 14 species from eastern Australia and one from south-western Australia. We conducted a phylogenetic analysis of the section, including samples of all species, using sequences of the ITS and ETS regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Results were broadly congruent with a previous analysis based on morphological and flavonoid data. The analysis is consistent with the monophyly of the section and supports the monophyly of six species represented by multiple samples. Philotheca verrucosa (A. Rich.) Paul G. Wilson was resolved as paraphyletic with respect to P. freyciana Rozefelds but with poor support. Philotheca glasshousiensis, P. myoporoides and P. myoporoides subsp. myoporoides were clearly polyphyletic, including separate geographic clades and the classification of each of these taxa requires revision. In particular, disjunct northern populations of P. glasshousiensis probably represent a distinct species, the five subspecies of P. myoporoides could be treated as separate species and at least two other distinct groups that are currently included under the circumscription of subsp. myoporoides could be treated as species. The phylogeny revealed deeply divergent, geographically overlapping clades in eastern Australia and substantial distances (up to 900 km) between sister taxa. We infer that biogeography of the group has been shaped largely by vicariant differentiation of taxa.

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A new subfamily classification of the Citrus family (Rutaceae) based on six nuclear and plastid markers

Cited by 39 publications

References 75 publications

A multicarpellate fruit from Late Cretaceous sediments of South Bohemia, Czech Republic

A multicarpellate fruit from Late Cretaceous sediments of South Bohemia, Czech Republic

Plastome evolution and phylogeny of the tribe Ruteae (Rutaceae)

Phylogeny, classification and biogeography of

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