A New Strategy: Distinguishable Multi-substance Detection, Multiple Pathway Tracing Based on a New Site Constructed by the Reaction Process and Its Tumor Targeting

Abstract

In recent years, it has become a trend to employ organic molecular fluorescent probes with multireaction sites for the distinguishable detection and biological imaging of similar substances. However, the introduction of multireaction sites brought great challenges to organic synthesis, and at the same time, often destroyed the conjugated structure of the molecules, leading to an unsatisfactory fluorescence emission wavelength not conducive to practical application. As the eternal theme of life, metabolism goes on all the time. Metabolism is a series of ordered chemical reactions that occurs in the organism to maintain life. Chemical reactions in metabolism can be summarized as metabolic pathways. Simultaneous monitoring of different metabolic pathways of the same substance poses a lofty challenge to the probe. Here, we developed a new strategy: to construct new sites through the preliminary reactions between probes and some targets, which can be used to further distinguish among targets or detect their metabolites, so as to realize the simultaneous visualization tracer of multiple metabolic pathways. By intravenous injection, it revealed that the probe containing benzopyrylium ion can target tumors efficiently, and thiols are highly expressed in tumors compared to other tissues (heart, lung, kidney, liver, etc.). The consumption of thiols by the probe could not prevent tumor growth, suggesting that the tumor cure was not correlated with thiol concentration. The construction of new sites in the reaction process is a novel idea in the pursuit of multiple reaction sites, which will provide more effective tools for solving practical problems.

The chronological evolution of small organic molecular fluorescent probes for thiols

“…101 Subsequently, several examples have been reported to describe the dynamic thiol metabolism processes utilizing observable uorescent methodology (23)(24)(25)(26). [102][103][104][105][106] Further, the simultaneous detection of thiols and reactive oxygen species or reactive nitrogen species have also been reported in recent years to evaluate the cellular crosstalk of these redox regulating species. 38 Among the currently reported thiol uorescent probes, design strategies for the specic detection of Cys or GSH have been well studied.…”

Simultaneous tracking of autophagy and oxidative stress during stroke with an ICT-TBET integrated ratiometric two-photon platform

“…Crosstalk can be reduced by large separation of the emission signals or by using multiple excitation wavelengths. 11 …”

A coumarin-based fluorescent probe with 4-phenylselenium as the active site for multi-channel discrimination of biothiols

“…29–39 In addition, there are some aromatic ether substituted coumarin-based fluorescent probes that have also been developed for the detection of biothiols (Table S1 in the ESI†). 40–47 Nevertheless, it is worth noting that only a few of these fluorescent probes are capable of discriminatively sensing Cys, Hcy and GSH from each other in three different fluorescence emissions. 33,36,39 In fact, it is still difficult to develop a fluorescent probe with three different fluorescence emissions for the discriminative detection of biothiols.…”