A new stem hynobiid salamander (Urodela, Cryptobranchoidea) from the Upper Jurassic (Oxfordian) of Liaoning Province, China

Comparative osteology of the hynobiid complex Liua‐Protohynobius‐Pseudohynobius (Amphibia, Urodela): Ⅰ. Cranial anatomy of Pseudohynobius

“…During the last two decades, several stem hynobiid taxa were known from the Jurassic and Cretaceous beds (166–110 Mya) in northern China (e.g. Gao et al ., 2013; Jia & Gao, 2016a), extending the fossil record of Hynobiidae to the Middle Jurassic Bathonian (168.3–166.1 Mya; Jia & Gao, 2019). These stem hynobiids are known with complete articulated skeletons and are morphologically diversified with a mosaic of both primitive and derived osteological features (see Jia & Gao, 2019).…”

“…Gao et al ., 2013; Jia & Gao, 2016a), extending the fossil record of Hynobiidae to the Middle Jurassic Bathonian (168.3–166.1 Mya; Jia & Gao, 2019). These stem hynobiids are known with complete articulated skeletons and are morphologically diversified with a mosaic of both primitive and derived osteological features (see Jia & Gao, 2019). However, inadequate knowledge of the osteology of the extant relatives of these extinct hynobiids hampers our understanding of the character evolution within the Hynobiidae (e.g.…”

“…However, inadequate knowledge of the osteology of the extant relatives of these extinct hynobiids hampers our understanding of the character evolution within the Hynobiidae (e.g. Dong & Wang, 1998; Gao et al ., 1998; Gao & Shubin, 2001; Wang, 2004; Wang & Evans, 2006; Zhang et al ., 2009; Rong, 2018; Jia & Gao, 2019), and further obstructs our understanding of the paleobiology of these early salamanders (e.g. life history, ecological preferences).…”

The making of calibration sausage exemplified by recalibrating the transcriptomic timetree of jawed vertebrates

“…Originally, the only known specimen was thought to come from the Lanqi Fm, specifically a site variably called Daxigou or Daxishan (Yuan et al, 2013: supp. inf. : 4), which has meanwhile been dated to between 160.889 ± 0.069 Ma and 160.254 ± 0.045 Ma (Jia and Gao, 2019). Meng (2014: 526, 529-530), however, doubted this, called the specimen "floating", and pointed out its great similarity to Eomaia in particular (found as its sister-group in the very different matrices of Bi et al, 2018, and Zhou et al, Celik and Phillips (2020) called Juramaia "purportedly Jurassic" without comment and found middling support for a sister-group relationship to Theria as a whole, noting that this agreed with earlier doubts (e.g.…”

A new palaeontinid (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadomorpha) from the Upper Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation of northeastern China and its biogeographic significance

“…This deposit can be generally assigned within the Linglongta beds, which are the lacustrine interbed clasolites of the large scale andesite of the Tiaojishan Formation mainly occurring in western Liaoning, northern Hebei, and western Beijing, including several exceptional fossil localities such as Daxishan, Nanshimen, Bawanggou, and Fanzhangzi (Huang, 2015, 2016; Huang et al, 2018a). The Linglongta biota contains numerous well-preserved fossils, e.g., insects, bivalves, conchostracans, ostracods, gastropods, charophytes, pollen, and spores (Duan et al, 2009; Huang, 2016; Huang et al, 2018a), as well as diverse vertebrate fossils including fishes (Huang, 2015), salamanders (Gao and Shubin, 2012; Wang et al, 2015; Jia and Gao, 2016, 2019), pterosaurs and their eggs (e.g., Lü, 2009; Lü et al, 2010, 2011; X. Wang et al, 2009; Wang et al, 2010; Cheng et al, 2012; Yang et al, 2019), feathered dinosaurs (e.g., Hu et al, 2009; Xu et al, 2011; Godefroit et al, 2013a, b), and mammals (e.g., Meng et al, 2006; Luo et al, 2011; Yuan et al, 2013; Zhou et al, 2013; Bi et al, 2014). However, the fossil insects from the Linglongta biota are poorly known.…”