A New Species of the γ-Proteobacterium Francisella, F. adeliensis Sp. Nov., Endocytobiont in an Antarctic Marine Ciliate and Potential Evolutionary Forerunner of Pathogenic Species

Vallesi, Adriana; Sjödin, Andreas; Petrelli, Dezemona; Luporini, Pierangelo; Taddei, Anna Rita; Thelaus, Johanna; Öhrman, Caroline; Nilsson, Emelie; Giuseppe, Graziano Di; Gutiérrez, Gabriel; Villalobo, Eduardo

doi:10.1007/s00248-018-1256-3

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Ciliates often host endosymbionts phylogenetically related to pathogenic bacteria belonging to the families Rickettsiaceae 18–20 or Francisellaceae 21,22 . Symbiotic associations can be classified according to the stability of bacteria and ciliate interaction in three categories: permanent, highly infectious, and accidental 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The core microbiome of sessile ciliate Stentor coeruleus is not shaped by the environment

Lanzoni

Плотников

Khlopko

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Microbiomes of multicellular organisms are one of the hottest topics in microbiology and physiology, while only few studies addressed bacterial communities associated with protists. Protists are widespread in all environments and can be colonized by plethora of different bacteria, including also human pathogens. The aim of this study was to characterize the prokaryotic community associated with the sessile ciliate Stentor coeruleus . 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding was performed on single cells of S . coeruleus and on their environment, water from the sewage stream. Our results showed that the prokaryotic community composition differed significantly between Stentor cells and their environment. The core microbiome common for all ciliate specimens analyzed could be defined, and it was composed mainly by representatives of bacterial genera which include also potential human pathogens and commensals, such as Neisseria , Streptococcus , Capnocytophaga , Porphyromonas . Numerous 16S rRNA gene contigs belonged to endosymbiont “ Candidatus Megaira polyxenophila”. Our data suggest that each ciliate cell can be considered as an ecological microniche harboring diverse prokaryotic organisms. Possible benefits for persistence and transmission in nature for bacteria associated with protists are discussed. Our results support the hypothesis that ciliates attract potentially pathogenic bacteria and play the role of natural reservoirs for them.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The core microbiome of sessile ciliate Stentor coeruleus is not shaped by the environment

Lanzoni

Плотников

Khlopko

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…In recent years, the known diversity within the family Francisellaceae has expanded with a number of validly published and not validly published species names [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], and additional genera Allofrancisella and the newly described Pseudofrancisella [22,23]. However, the taxonomy within species of the F. philomiragia group was apparently contradictory, with Francisella noatunensis first proposed as F. philomiragia subsp.…”

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confidence: 99%

Francisella salimarina sp. nov., isolated from coastal seawater

Luo

Feng

et al. 2020

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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Four strains (SYSU SYW-1T, SYW-2, SYW-3 and XLW-1) were isolated from seawater near the shore in Guangdong Province, China. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile and non-spore-forming. Growth was observed at a temperature range of 16–40 °C (optimum, 32 °C), a pH range of 4–8 (optimum, pH 7) and in the presence of up to 10 % (w/v) NaCl. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified phospholipid. The respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 8 (UQ-8), and the predominant fatty acids were C18 : 0 3-OH, C10 : 0, C14 : 0 and C18 : 1ω9c. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene and genome sequences confirmed that these strains represented a novel member of the genus Francisella , with less than 98.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and less than 95 % genomic average nucleotide identity to recognized Francisella species. The phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and the protein-concatamer tree based on a concatenation of 28 protein marker sequences both indicated that the strains clustered with ‘Francisella salina’ TX07-7308 and ‘Francisella marina’ E95-16, but formed a distinct lineage group among the other members of the genus Francisella . The DNA G+C contents of the four strains were determined to be 32.9, 32.7, 32.9 and 32.9 %, respectively (genome). On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic features, the strains are considered to represent a novel species of the genus Francisella , for which the name Francisella salimarina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SYSU SYW-1T (=CGMCC 1.17031T=NBRC 113781T).

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“…Midichloriaceae" (Vannini et al 2010;Boscaro et al, 2013b;Senra et al 2015). Also, Gammaproteobacteria were retrieved in different Euplotes species (Schrallhammer et al 2011;Boscaro et al 2012;Chiellini et al 2019;Vallesi et al 2019).…”

Section: Symbiosis With a Verrucomicrobia Member Members Of Genusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Next generation taxonomy: integrating traditional species description with the holobiont concept and genomic approaches - The in-depth characterization of a novelEuplotesspecies as a case study

Serra

Gammuto

Nitla

et al. 2019

Preprint

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In 1991 Margulis defined holobionts as the assemblage of "two or more organisms, members of different species" which remain associate "throughout a significant portion of the life history". In recent times, holobionts have been described among many and far-related groups of living beings, such as plants, algae, insects, corals, and even humans. These studies have arisen an increasing interest in different contexts but, to our knowledge, the holobiont concept has not been applied in taxonomy. Here we propose a new approach to modern taxonomy, aimed to integrate the holobiont concept and genomic and bioinformatic analyses with the classical/morphological tools traditionally used in taxonomy. The inclusion of symbiont morphology, and of mitochondrial and symbiont genomes will allow the discipline to move toward what could become the "next generation taxonomy". As an example of this new paradigm in the characterization of holobionts, we herein provide the taxonomic description of the ciliate protist Euplotes vanleeuwenhoeki sp. nov. (Euplotia, Ciliophora) and its bacterial endosymbiont "Candidatus Pinguicoccus supinus" gen. nov., sp. nov. (Opitutae, Verrucomicrobia). Interestingly, we found that this endosymbiont has an extremely reduced genome (~163 Kbp), which is suggestive of a high integration with the host and represents the first case of such an extreme reduction in Verrucomicrobia, and the first case in a protist host.University of Pisa PRA_2018_63 project (to GP); the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR): Dipartimenti di Eccellenza Program (2018-2022) -

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A New Species of the γ-Proteobacterium Francisella, F. adeliensis Sp. Nov., Endocytobiont in an Antarctic Marine Ciliate and Potential Evolutionary Forerunner of Pathogenic Species

Cited by 23 publications

References 56 publications

The core microbiome of sessile ciliate Stentor coeruleus is not shaped by the environment

The core microbiome of sessile ciliate Stentor coeruleus is not shaped by the environment

Francisella salimarina sp. nov., isolated from coastal seawater

Next generation taxonomy: integrating traditional species description with the holobiont concept and genomic approaches - The in-depth characterization of a novelEuplotesspecies as a case study

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