A new species of the deuterostome Herpetogaster from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota of South China

Yang, Xiaoguang; Kimmig, Julien; Lieberman, Bruce S.; Peng, Shanchi

doi:10.1007/s00114-020-01695-w

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Herpetogaster collinsi also has been reported from the Ruin Wash Lagerstätte (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 4) in the Pioche Formation of Nevada (Kimmig et al, 2019), which is similar in age to the Parker Formation. The apparent arrangement of tentacles in the Parker Formation specimen is very different from that in H. collinsi, but more similar to that in a second species, H. haiyanensis Yang et al, 2020, from the Chengjiang biota (Yang et al, 2020) (Fig. 10.3,10.4) and even a distinct central area (interpreted as the eye lens by Conway Morris and Caron, 2014, fig.…”

Section: Class Uncertain Order Uncertain Family Uncertain Genus Vermo...mentioning

confidence: 64%

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The soft-bodied biota of the Cambrian Series 2 Parker Quarry Lagerstätte of northwestern Vermont, USA

Pari¹,

Briggs

Gaines

2022

J. Paleontol.

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A non-biomineralized arthropod, Protocaris marshi, was described from the lower Cambrian (Dyeran Series 2, Stage 4) of Parker's Cobble in northwestern Vermont in 1884. It represents the first fossil exhibiting Burgess Shale-type preservation to have been discovered. The locality was presumed to have been worked out and was not collected in a significant way for more than 100 years. Rediscovery of productive layers has yielded soft-bodied and lightly sclerotized taxa new to the locality, including the alga Fuxianospora, a possible priapulid, a radiodont, and a specimen tentatively assigned to Herpetogaster. New specimens of the sponge Leptomitus zitteli, the bivalved arthropod Tuzoia, and the chordate Emmonsaspis cambrensis provide additional information on those taxa, and multiple specimens allow a bivalved arthropod, Vermontcaris montcalmi new genus, new species, to be described. The primary mode of fossil preservation is as carbonaceous compressions. The Parker Quarry Lagerstätte complements the Kinzers Formation of Pennsylvania (also Series 2, Stage 4) in revealing the diversity of soft-bodied taxa on the southern margin of the paleocontinent Laurentia. UUID: http://zoobank.org/2eb3ae7c-6579-403e-a9ab-654c05af4a1b

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Section: Class Uncertain Order Uncertain Family Uncertain Genus Vermo...mentioning

confidence: 64%

“…collinsi , but more similar to that in a second species, H . haiyanensis Yang et al, 2020, from the Chengjiang biota (Yang et al, 2020). Confident assignment of the Parker Formation taxon will require discovery of additional specimens.…”

Section: Systematic Paleontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The soft-bodied biota of the Cambrian Series 2 Parker Quarry Lagerstätte of northwestern Vermont, USA

Pari¹,

Briggs

Gaines

2022

J. Paleontol.

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“…The other morphology found among the cambroernids is that of Herpetogaster (Fig. 4E), known from the Burgess Shale (Caron et al ., 2010), the Pioche formation of Nevada (Kimmig, Meyer & Lieberman, 2019) and Chengjiang (Yang et al ., 2020). Herpetogaster has dendritic tentacles similar to those of the eldonids, and also has a recurved body similar to the coiled coelomic sac of their discoidal relatives.…”

Section: Problematic Taxamentioning

confidence: 99%

Worms and gills, plates and spines: the evolutionary origins and incredible disparity of deuterostomes revealed by fossils, genes, and development

et al. 2022

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Deuterostomes are the major division of animal life which includes sea stars, acorn worms, and humans, among a wide variety of ecologically and morphologically disparate taxa. However, their early evolution is poorly understood, due in part to their disparity, which makes identifying commonalities difficult, as well as their relatively poor early fossil record. Here, we review the available morphological, palaeontological, developmental, and molecular data to establish a framework for exploring the origins of this important and enigmatic group. Recent fossil discoveries strongly support a vermiform ancestor to the group Hemichordata, and a fusiform active swimmer as ancestor to Chordata. The diverse and anatomically bewildering variety of forms among the early echinoderms show evidence of both bilateral and radial symmetry. We consider four characteristics most critical for understanding the form and function of the last common ancestor to Deuterostomia: Hox gene expression patterns, larval morphology, the capacity for biomineralization, and the morphology of the pharyngeal region. We posit a deuterostome last common ancestor with a similar antero‐posterior gene regulatory system to that found in modern acorn worms and cephalochordates, a simple planktonic larval form, which was later elaborated in the ambulacrarian lineage, the ability to secrete calcium minerals in a limited fashion, and a pharyngeal respiratory region composed of simple pores. This animal was likely to be motile in adult form, as opposed to the sessile origins that have been historically suggested. Recent debates regarding deuterostome monophyly as well as the wide array of deuterostome‐affiliated problematica further suggest the possibility that those features were not only present in the last common ancestor of Deuterostomia, but potentially in the ur‐bilaterian. The morphology and development of the early deuterostomes, therefore, underpin some of the most significant questions in the study of metazoan evolution.

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“…2). There is also a number of imprecisely assigned Cambrian organisms to a particular high-level bilaterian subgroup, for example to Deuterostomia, such as sedentary Herpetogaster from the Cambrian Series 2 (Yang et al, 2020b) or to Mollusca, such as motile Nectocaris, from Series 2 to Miaolingian (fig. 1; Smith & Caron, 2010).…”

Section: Sedentary Forms With Cnidaria and Bilateria Affinities Appea...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewed perspectives on the sedentary-pelagic last common bilaterian ancestor

Martynov

Korshunova

2022

Contrib. Zool.

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Various evaluations of the last common bilaterian ancestor (lcba) currently suggest that it resembled either a microscopic, non-segmented motile adult; or, on the contrary, a complex segmented adult motile urbilaterian. These fundamental inconsistencies remain largely unexplained. A majority of multidisciplinary data regarding sedentary adult ancestral bilaterian organization is overlooked. The sedentary-pelagic model is supported now by a number of novel developmental, paleontological and molecular phylogenetic data: (1) data in support of sedentary sponges, in the adult stage, as sister to all other Metazoa; (2) a similarity of molecular developmental pathways in both adults and larvae across sedentary sponges, cnidarians, and bilaterians; (3) a cnidarian-bilaterian relationship, including a unique sharing of a bona fide Hox-gene cluster, of which the evolutionary appearance does not connect directly to a bilaterian motile organization; (4) the presence of sedentary and tube-dwelling representatives of the main bilaterian clades in the early Cambrian; (5) an absence of definite taxonomic attribution of Ediacaran taxa reconstructed as motile to any true bilaterian phyla; (6) a similarity of tube morphology (and the clear presence of a protoconch-like apical structure of the Ediacaran sedentary Cloudinidae) among shells of the early Cambrian, and later true bilaterians, such as semi-sedentary hyoliths and motile molluscs; (7) recent data that provide growing evidence for a complex urbilaterian, despite a continuous molecular phylogenetic controversy. The present review compares the main existing models and reconciles the sedentary model of an urbilaterian and the model of a larva-like lcba with a unified sedentary(adult)-pelagic(larva) model of the lcba.

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A new species of the deuterostome Herpetogaster from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota of South China

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

The soft-bodied biota of the Cambrian Series 2 Parker Quarry Lagerstätte of northwestern Vermont, USA

The soft-bodied biota of the Cambrian Series 2 Parker Quarry Lagerstätte of northwestern Vermont, USA

Worms and gills, plates and spines: the evolutionary origins and incredible disparity of deuterostomes revealed by fossils, genes, and development

Renewed perspectives on the sedentary-pelagic last common bilaterian ancestor

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