A new species of Smicromorpha (Hymenoptera, Chalcididae) from Vietnam, with notes on the host association of the genus

Darling, Chris

doi:10.3897/zookeys.20.195

Cited by 796 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Only species of the genus Smicromorpha seem to be specialized as parasitoids of the larvae of the green ant, Oecophylla smaragdina. The only unquestionable (see [44]) record of parasitoidism is that of Dodd in the early 20th century, describing Smicromorpha doddi in North Psyche 11 Queensland (Australia) parasitizing larvae of this weaver ant, "depositing eggs upon them when the workers are using their silk-spinning larvae for the purpose of binding the leaves together when building a new nest" [41]. No other example of true parasitoidism has ever been quoted for the genus Smicromorpha but, more recently, adults of another species of this genus, S. masneri, were reported emerging from O. smaragdina nests collected in Vietnam and maintained in controlled green-house conditions in the USA, which strongly suggests that these wasps are also primary parasitoids of weaver ants [44].…”

Section: Chalcididaementioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Species and Behavior of Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Ants: A Review

Lachaud

Pérez‐Lachaud

2012

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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Reports of hymenopterans associated with ants involve more than 500 species, but only a fraction unambiguously pertain to actual parasitoids. In this paper, we attempt to provide an overview of both the diversity of these parasitoid wasps and the diversity of the types of interactions they have formed with their ant hosts. The reliable list of parasitoid wasps using ants as primary hosts includes at least 138 species, reported between 1852 and 2011, distributed among 9 families from 3 superfamilies. These parasitoids exhibit a wide array of biologies and developmental strategies: ecto- or endoparasitism, solitary or gregarious, and idio- or koinobiosis. All castes of ants and all developmental stages, excepting eggs, are possible targets. Some species parasitize adult worker ants while foraging or performing other activities outside the nest; however, in most cases, parasitoids attack ant larvae either inside or outside their nests. Based on their abundance and success in attacking ants, some parasitoid wasps like diapriids and eucharitids seem excellent potential models to explore how parasitoids impact ant colony demography, population biology, and ant community structure. Despite a significant increase in our knowledge of hymenopteran parasitoids of ants, most of them remain to be discovered.

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Section: Chalcididaementioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Species and Behavior of Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Ants: A Review

Lachaud

Pérez‐Lachaud

2012

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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“…Chalcidid wasps are endoparasitoids (occasionally ectoparasitoids) of Diptera and Lepidoptera, though other orders of insects, including Hymenoptera, may be infected (Noyes, 2017). We report five species of chalcidid wasps from the genus Smicromorpha infecting ants, though some of these reports have not been conclusively confirmed (see discussion in (Darling, 2009)). All are parasitoids of the arboreal weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina, in the Indo-Australia region (Darling, 2009;Noyes, 2017).…”

Section: Chalcididae (Superfamily Chalcidoidea) [5 Records]mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…We report five species of chalcidid wasps from the genus Smicromorpha infecting ants, though some of these reports have not been conclusively confirmed (see discussion in (Darling, 2009)). All are parasitoids of the arboreal weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina, in the Indo-Australia region (Darling, 2009;Noyes, 2017). Weaver ants use their silk-spinning larvae to create their leaf nests in trees; Smicromorpha deposits eggs on the larvae while they are exposed during the nest building process ( (Girault, 1913), within (Darling, 2009)).…”

Section: Chalcididae (Superfamily Chalcidoidea) [5 Records]mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…All are parasitoids of the arboreal weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina, in the Indo-Australia region (Darling, 2009;Noyes, 2017). Weaver ants use their silk-spinning larvae to create their leaf nests in trees; Smicromorpha deposits eggs on the larvae while they are exposed during the nest building process ( (Girault, 1913), within (Darling, 2009)). It appears that the association between Smicromorpha and Oecophylla is unique, and given the overlapping distributions of both these genera in mainland Southeast Asia, reports from that area should be expected as more surveys are conducted (Darling, 2009).…”

Section: Chalcididae (Superfamily Chalcidoidea) [5 Records]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogens, parasites, and parasitoids of ants: a synthesis of parasite biodiversity and epidemiological traits

Quevillon

Hughes

2018

Preprint

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1.AbstractAnts are among the most ecologically successful organisms on Earth, with a global distribution and diverse nesting and foraging ecologies. Ants are also social organisms, living in crowded, dense colonies that can range up to millions of individuals. Understanding the ecological success of the ants requires understanding how they have mitigated one of the major costs of social living-infection by parasitic organisms. Additionally, the ecological diversity of ants suggests that they may themselves harbor a diverse, and largely unknown, assemblage of parasites. As a first step, we need to know the taxonomic and functional diversity of the parasitic organisms infecting ants. To that end, we provide a comprehensive review of the parasitic organisms infecting ants by collecting all extant records. We synthesize major patterns in parasite ecology by categorizing how parasites encounter their ant hosts, whether they require host death as a developmental necessity, and how they transmit to future hosts.We report 1,415 records of parasitic organisms infecting ants, the majority of which come from order Diptera (34.8%), phylum Fungi (25.6%), and order Hymenoptera (25.1%). Most parasitic organisms infecting ants are parasitoids (89.6%), requiring the death of their host as developmental necessity and most initially encounter their hosts in the extranidal environment (68.6%). Importantly, though most parasitic organisms infecting ants only need a single host to complete their life cycle (89.2%), the vast majority need to leave the nest before transmission to the next ant host can occur (88.3%), precluding ant-to-ant transmission within the nest. With respect to the host, we only found records for 9 out of 17 extant ant sub-families, and for 82 out of the currently recognized 334 ant genera. Though there is likely bias in the records reported, both host and parasite ecological traits and evolutionary histories underlie the pattern of ant-parasite association reported here. This work provides a foundation for future work that will begin to untangle the ecological drivers of ant-parasite relationships and the evolutionary implications thereof.

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“…Australia, Vietnam, New Guinea, Africa (Narendran 1979, 1989; Naumann 1986; Bouček 1988b and Darling 2009). …”

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Revision of the family Chalcididae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) from Vietnam, with the description of 13 new species

Narendran

Achterberg

2016

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A total of 16 genera and 68 species of Chalcididae of Vietnam are taxonomically treated. Thirteen new species are described; the remaining 55 species are keyed, redescribed or provided with a diagnosis. Among these 37 species and eleven genera are recorded for the first time from Vietnam. The thirteen new species are: Antrocephalus neogalleriae Narendran & van Achterberg, sp. n.; Brachymeria neowiebesina Narendran & van Achterberg, sp. n., Brachymeria semirusula Narendran & van Achterberg, sp. n., Dirhinus neoclaviger Narendran & van Achterberg, sp. n., Epitranus narendrani van Achterberg, sp. n., Epitranus neonigriceps Narendran & van Achterberg, sp. n., Heydoniella vietnamensis Narendran & van Achterberg, sp. n., Megachalcis vietnamicus Narendran & van Achterberg, sp. n., Notaspidium vietnamicum Narendran & van Achterberg, sp. n., Oxycoryphe neotenax Narendran & van Achterberg, sp. n., Sthulapada neopadata Narendran & van Achterberg, sp. n., Sthulapada vietnamensis Narendran & van Achterberg, sp. n., and Tanycoryphus masii Narendran & van Achterberg, sp. n.The newly recorded genera are: Antrocephalus Kirby, 1883; Haltichella Spinola, 1811; Heydoniella Narendran, 2003; Hockeria Walker, 1834; Kriechbaumerella Dalla Torre, 1894; Notaspidium Dalla Torre, 1897; Oxycoryphe Kriechbaumer, 1894; Psilochalcis Kieffer, 1904; Sthulapada Narendran, 1989; Tanycorphus Cameron, 1905, and Trigonura Sichel, 1865.The following known species are recorded for the first time from Vietnam: Antrocephalus decipiens (Masi, 1929); Antrocephalus lugubris (Masi, 1932); Antrocephalus maculipennis (Cameron, 1905); Antrocephalus nasutus (Holmgren, 1869); Antrocephalus sepyra (Walker, 1846); Antrocephalus validicornis (Holmgren, 1868); Brachymeria alternipes (Walker, 1871); Brachymeria aurea (Girault, 1915); Brachymeria coxodentata Joseph, Narendran & Joy, 1972; Brachymeria euploeae (Westwood, 1837); Brachymeria hime Habu, 1960; Brachymeria jambolana Gahan, 1942; Brachymeria kamijoi Habu, 1960; Brachymeria lugubris (Walker, 1871); Brachymeria marmonti (Girault, 1924); Brachymeria minuta (Linnaeus, 1767); Brachymeria scutellocarinata Joseph, Narendran & Joy, 1972; Brachymeria shansiensis Habu, 1961; Brachymeria taiwana (Matsumura, 1910); Dirhinus anthracia Walker, 1846; Dirhinus claviger Bouček & Narendran, 1981; Epitranus albipennis Walker, 1874; Epitranus ater Bouček, 1982; Epitranus gauldi Bouček, 1982; Epitranus oxytelus Bouček, 1982; Epitranus ramnathi (Mani & Dubey, 1973); Haltichella delhensis Roy & Farooqi, 1984; Haltichella nipponensis Habu, 1960; Hockeria bangalorica Narendran, 1989; Hockeria guptai Narendran, 1989; Kriechbaumerella ayyari (Gahan, 1919); Kriechbaumerella cordigaster Roy & Farooqi, 1984; Kriechbaumerella destructor (Waterston, 1922); Kriechbaumerella nepalensis Narendran, 1989; Oxycoryphe scutellatus Narendran, 1989; Psilochalcis carinigena (Cameron, 1907), and Trigonura luzonensis Narendran, 1987. Brachymeria calopeplae Joseph, Narendran & Joy, 1972, is treated as a valid species.

show abstract

A new species of Smicromorpha (Hymenoptera, Chalcididae) from Vietnam, with notes on the host association of the genus

Cited by 796 publications

References 3 publications

Diversity of Species and Behavior of Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Ants: A Review

Diversity of Species and Behavior of Hymenopteran Parasitoids of Ants: A Review

Pathogens, parasites, and parasitoids of ants: a synthesis of parasite biodiversity and epidemiological traits

Revision of the family Chalcididae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) from Vietnam, with the description of 13 new species

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