A new species of semiarboreal toad of the Rhinella festae group (Anura, Bufonidae) from the Cordillera Azul National Park, Peru

Cusi, Juan C.; Moravec, Jiří; Lehr, Edgar; Gvoždík, Václav

doi:10.3897/zookeys.673.13050

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…festae and R . margaritifera Groups; Fouquet et al, 2007a;Moravec et al, 2014;Santos et al, 2015;Cusi et al, 2017;Avila et al, 2018). Most recent studies on Rhinella aimed primarily to resolve species-level taxonomic problems (e.g., Fouquet et al, 2007a;Narvaes and Rodrigues, 2009;Jansen et al, 2011;Grant and Bolívar-G., 2014;Moravec et al, 2014;Cusi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Systematics Of Rhinellamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…margaritifera Groups; Fouquet et al, 2007a;Moravec et al, 2014;Santos et al, 2015;Cusi et al, 2017;Avila et al, 2018). Most recent studies on Rhinella aimed primarily to resolve species-level taxonomic problems (e.g., Fouquet et al, 2007a;Narvaes and Rodrigues, 2009;Jansen et al, 2011;Grant and Bolívar-G., 2014;Moravec et al, 2014;Cusi et al, 2017). Consequently, more than a decade after Pramuk's (2006) revision, species groups remain poorly defined, several species cannot be assigned to any of them, and few additional phenotypic synapomorphies have been proposed for Rhinella or its internal clades (Hoogmoed, 1986;La Marca and Mijares-Urrutia, 1996;Pramuk, 2006;Chaparro et al, 2007;Padial et al, 2009;Blotto et al, 2014;Grant and Bolívar-G., 2014;Pereyra et al, 2016a).…”

Section: Systematics Of Rhinellamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…rostrata available from GenBank (A. G. Gluesenkamp, unpublished) were not included because our preliminary analyses (data not shown) revealed that the sequences of the fragments of 12S and 16S rRNA genes of each specimen appear to be chimeric and/or contaminated with R . festae, and we cannot determine with certainty which sequences correspond to each taxon (see also Cusi et al, 2017). Tissues samples of R .…”

Section: Outgroupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The "Rhinella veraguensis Group" This nonmonophyletic group is composed of 17 small-to medium-sized species, all of which occur in the cloud forest of the Andes from northern Peru to northern Argentina, excepting Rhinella chrysophora, a species from north-central Honduras (Cei, 1972a;Duellman and Schulte, 1992;Chaparro et al, 2007;Cusi et al, 2017;McCranie, 2017). Members of this group are morphologically diverse with terrestrial, semiaquatic, or arboreal habits.…”

Section: The Rhinella Granulosa Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following characters have been considered diagnostic for the Rhinella veraguensis Group: skull with weak exostosis, cranial crests absent or weak, dorsal skin bearing small elevated tubercles, and a lateral row of enlarged tubercles in some species (Gallardo, 1961;Cei, 1972a;Duellman and Schulte, 1992;Pramuk, 2006). This group has been consistently recovered as nonmonophyletic (Pramuk, 2006;Chaparro et al, 2007;van Bocxlaer et al, 2010;Pyron and Wiens, 2011;Moravec et al, 2014;Pyron, 2014;Cusi et al, 2017;Jetz and Pyron, 2018) and its definition and composition are problematic (see Pereyra et al, 2015; and comments regarding the definition of the R . acrolopha and R .…”

Section: The Rhinella Granulosa Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution in the Genus Rhinella: A Total Evidence Phylogenetic Analysis of Neotropical True Toads (Anura: Bufonidae)

Pereyra

Blotto

Baldo

et al. 2021

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

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True toads of the genus Rhinella are among the most common and diverse group of Neotropical anurans. These toads are widely distributed throughout South America, inhabiting a great diversity of environments and ecoregions. Currently, however, the genus is defined solely on the basis of molecular characters, and it lacks a proper diagnosis. Although some phenetic species groups have traditionally been recognized within Rhinella, the monophyly of some of them have been rejected in previous phylogenetic analyses, and many species remain unassigned to these poorly defined groups. Additionally, the identity and taxonomy of several species are problematic and hinder the specific recognition and description of undescribed taxa. In this work, we first perform phylogenetic analyses of separate mitochondrial and nuclear datasets to test the possible occurrence of hybridization and/or genetic introgression in the genus. The comparative analysis of both datasets revealed unidirectional mitochondrial introgressions of an unknown parental species into R . horribilis ("ghost introgression") and of R . dorbignyi into R . bernardoi; therefore, the mitochondrial and nuclear datasets of these species were considered separately in subsequent analyses. We performed total-evidence phylogenetic analyses that included revised molecular (four mitochondrial and five nuclear genes) and phenotypic (90 characters) datasets for 83 nominal species of Rhinella, plus several undescribed and problematic species and multiple outgroups. Results demonstrate that Rhinella was nonmonophyletic due to the position of R . ceratophrys, which was recovered as the sister taxon of Rhaebo nasicus with strong support. Among our outgroups, the strongly supported Anaxyrus + Incilius is the sister clade of all other species of Rhinella. Once R . ceratophrys is excluded, the genus Rhinella is monophyletic, well supported, and composed of two major clades. One of these is moderately supported and includes species of the former R . spinulosa Group (including R . gallardoi); the monophyletic R . granulosa, R . crucifer, and R . marina Groups; and a clade composed of the mitochondrial sequences of R . horribilis. The other major clade is strongly supported and composed of all the species from the non-monophyletic R . veraguensis and R . margaritifera Groups, the former R . acrolopha Group, and R . sternosignata. Consistent with these results, we define eight species groups of Rhinella that are mostly diagnosed by phenotypic synapomorphies in addition to a combination of morphological character states. Rhinella sternosignata is the only species that remains unassigned to any group. We also synonymize nine species, treat three former subspecies as full species, and suggest that 15 lineages represent putative undescribed species. Lastly, we discuss the apparently frequent occurrence of hybridization, deep mitochondrial divergence, and "ghost introgression"; the incomplete phenotypic evidence (including putative character systems that could be used for future phylogenetic...

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Section: Systematics Of Rhinellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Systematics Of Rhinellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Outgroupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Rhinella Granulosa Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Rhinella Granulosa Groupmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evolution in the Genus Rhinella: A Total Evidence Phylogenetic Analysis of Neotropical True Toads (Anura: Bufonidae)

Pereyra

Blotto

Baldo

et al. 2021

Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History

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Can Anyone Climb? The Skills of a Non-specialized Toad and its Bearing on the Evolution of New Niches

et al. 2021

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Several studies of arboreal anuran species show morphological specializations for clinging onto narrow substrates. However, little is known about these capacities in non-specialized anurans, which is crucial to understand the initial phases of adaptation to a new niche. To assess the functional requirements related to the evolution of arboreality in anurans we analyzed climbing performance, and correlated anatomical traits, in the terrestrial toad Rhinella arenarum, a species choose as a proxy for the ancestral condition regarding the evolution of this specialized niche. We studied the impact of a substrate of wooden rods with different diameters, arrangements, and slopes on locomotion, grasping, and climbing with a comparative framework. Animals were confronted with climbing tests, video recording their behaviors. Preserved specimens were dissected to assess limb myology, osteology, and tendons' characteristics. Our results show that how terrestrial toad R. arenarum climbs is different from those displayed by specialized tree frogs. Animals flexed their fingers and toes, grasping the substrate displaying hookings and partial graspings. The palm was scarcely involved in the grip, as in specialized anurans. These actions were performed although flexor and extensor muscles of the digits are highly conserved and generalized. Further, we formally assess the evolutionary history of ecological and anatomical traits related to climbing among Rhinella species to improving the comprehension of the relation between morphofunctional patterns and behavioral climbing skills. Our experiments revealed that this terrestrial toad possesses unexpected climbing capacities, suggesting a way in which evolution of new niches could have developed in the evolution of anurans.

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The first fossil toad (Anura: Bufonidae) from the Cura-Mallín Formation (Río Pedregoso Member, middle Miocene) of Lonquimay, Araucania Region, Central Chile

Guevara

Lara

Alarcón-Muñoz

et al. 2022

Journal of South American Earth Sciences

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A new species of semiarboreal toad of the Rhinella festae group (Anura, Bufonidae) from the Cordillera Azul National Park, Peru

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Evolution in the Genus Rhinella: A Total Evidence Phylogenetic Analysis of Neotropical True Toads (Anura: Bufonidae)

Evolution in the Genus Rhinella: A Total Evidence Phylogenetic Analysis of Neotropical True Toads (Anura: Bufonidae)

Can Anyone Climb? The Skills of a Non-specialized Toad and its Bearing on the Evolution of New Niches

The first fossil toad (Anura: Bufonidae) from the Cura-Mallín Formation (Río Pedregoso Member, middle Miocene) of Lonquimay, Araucania Region, Central Chile

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