A new species of Pseudopaludicola Miranda-Ribeiro (Leiuperinae: Leptodactylidae: Anura) from the Cerrado of southeastern Brazil

Abstract

A new species of Pseudopaludicola is described from the Cerrado of southeastern Brazil. Pseudopaludicola facureae sp. nov. is diagnosed from the P. pusilla species group by the absence of either T-shaped terminal phalanges or toe tips expanded, and distinguished from almost all recognized taxa currently assigned to Pseudopaludicola (except P. canga, P. giarettai, and P. hyleaustralis) by possessing a non-pulsed advertisement call. However, the advertisement call of the new species consists of the emission of well-defined call series, whereas the advertisement call of P. giarettai is long (117-187 ms) and with an isolated emission pattern; respecting to P. canga, the new species emits very long notes series (up to 53 notes/advertisement call), compared to the short call series of P. canga (up to 9 notes/advertisement call); considering P. hyleaustralis, the new species has a shorter note duration (15-35 ms), higher note rate per minute (480-1860), and higher dominant frequency (4076-5108).

A phylogenetic analysis of Pseudopaludicola (Anura) providing evidence of progressive chromosome reduction

“…In addition, P. canga and P. facureae can be distinguished from almost all congeners (except for P. giarettai and P. hyleaustralis) based on their non-pulsed advertisement calls (Andrade & Carvalho 2013).…”

“…The frog genus Pseudopaludicola Miranda‐Ribeiro ; is widespread in lowland South America and is considered a monophyletic taxon due to the presence of a hypertrophied antebrachial tubercle in its members (Lynch ). This genus, allocated to the subfamily Leiuperinae (Pyron & Wiens ), comprises 17 valid species (Andrade & Carvalho ; Cardozo & Toledo ; Roberto et al . ).…”

“…The south-eastern South America species, P. ameghini (Cope 1887), P. falcipes (Hensel 1867), P. mystacalis (Cope 1887), P. saltica (Cope 1887) and P. ternetzi, with simple phalanges (not T-shaped), were considered to constitute the paraphyletic group 'falcipes' (Lynch 1989). Species described after Lynch (1989), which show simple phalanges, including P. mineira Lobo 1994, P. murundu Toledo et al 2010; P. serrana Toledo 2010; P. giarettai Carvalho 2012; P. hyleaustralis Pansonato et al 2012; P. facureae Andrade & Carvalho 2013;and P. paraniba Roberto, Cardozo & Avila, 2013, were not assigned to any of these species groups.…”

Sympatric occurrence of two species of Pseudopaludicola (Anura: Leptodactylidae) and first record of Pseudopaludicola jaredi Andrade, Magalhães, Nunes-de-Almeida, Veiga-Menoncello, Santana, Garda, Loebmann, Recco-Pimentel, Giaretta & Toledo, 2016 in the state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil

“…Despite the cryptic pattern (Pansonato et al 2012;Carvalho et al 2015aCarvalho et al , 2015b, sympatric occurrence is commonly observed among species of the genus Pseudopaludicola (Giaretta & Facure 2009;Loebmann & Haddad 2010;Magalhães et al 2014;Andrade et al 2016). This indicates that the species differ minimally in how they use natural resources and breeding sites, and the advertisement call is one of the main prezygotic barriers to reproductive isolation between them (Loebmann & Haddad 2010;Pansonato et al 2012;Andrade & Carvalho 2013;Magalhães et al 2014;Carvalho et al 2015aCarvalho et al , 2015b. in syntopy at dusk (around 18:00-18:30 h) in a flooded field covered by emergent vegetation near the banks of the Itapecuru River.…”

Internal features of larvae belonging to two species of Pseudopaludicola (Anura: Leiuperinae)

“…The small toad-like frogs of the Neotropical genus Pseudopaludicola comprise seventeen species that are distributed along the eastern slopes of the Andes from northern Colombia to Argentina (Andrade and Carvalho, 2013;Frost, 2013). Lynch (1989) recognized a monophyletic group of Pseudopaludicola pusilla based on the presence of T-shaped terminal phalanges.…”