A new species of Loxosceles Heineken &amp;amp; Lowe, 1832 (Araneae: Sicariidae)&lt;br /&gt;from Iranian caves

Tahami, Mohadeseh Sadat; Zamani, Alireza; Sadeghi, Saber; Ribera, Carles

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4318.2.10

Cited by 546 publications

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“…The spider genus Loxosceles is no exception. Recent studies based on molecular evidence have suggested that the known diversity within the genus could be highly underestimated (Binford et al 2008; Duncan et al 2010; Planas and Ribera 2014, 2015; Tahami et al 2017). One important factor leading to the underestimation is widespread intraspecific variation in sexual structures, mainly in the seminal receptacles of females, something noted previously by Brignoli (1968) and Gertsch and Ennik (1983) and recently by Valdez-Mondragón et al (2018b) in the case of the species from Mexico.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Under an integrative taxonomic approach: the description of a new species of the genus Loxosceles (Araneae, Sicariidae) from Mexico City

Valdez‐Mondragón¹,

Navarro-Rodríguez²,

Solís-Catalán³

et al. 2019

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A new species of the spider genus Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe, 1832, Loxosceles tenochtitlan Valdez-Mondragón & Navarro-Rodríguez, sp. nov., is described based on adult male and female specimens from the states of Mexico City, Estado de Mexico and Tlaxcala. Integrative taxonomy including traditional morphology, geometric and lineal morphology, and molecules (DNA barcodes of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2)), were used as evidence to delimit the new species. Four methods were used for molecular analyses and species delimitation: 1) corrected p-distances under neighbor joining (NJ), 2) automatic barcode gap discovery (ABGD), 3) general mixed yule coalescent model (GMYC), and 4) poisson tree processes (bPTP). All molecular methods, traditional, geometric and lineal morphology were consistent in delimiting and recognizing the new species. Loxosceles tenochtitlansp. nov. is closely related to L. misteca based on molecular data. Although both species are morphologically similar, the average p-distance from CO1 data was 13.8% and 4.2% for ITS2 data. The molecular species delimitation methods recovered well-supported monophyletic clusters for samples of L. tenochtitlansp. nov. from Mexico City + Tlaxcala and for samples of L. misteca from Guerrero. Loxosceles tenochtitlansp. nov. is considered a unique species for three reasons: (1) it can be distinguished by morphological characters (genitalic and somatic); (2) the four different molecular species delimitation methods were congruent to separate both species; and (3) there is variation in leg I length of males between both species, with the males of L. misteca having longer legs than males of L. tenochtitlansp. nov., also morphometrically, the shape of tibiae of the palp between males of both species is different.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Under an integrative taxonomic approach: the description of a new species of the genus Loxosceles (Araneae, Sicariidae) from Mexico City

Valdez‐Mondragón¹,

Navarro-Rodríguez²,

Solís-Catalán³

et al. 2019

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“…The spider genus Loxosceles comprises 127 species that are predominantly distributed in the American continent (98 species) as well as in Africa (26 species) and Asia (3 species but see [14]) [7]. The high species diversity of the genus in the Americas contrasts with its low diversity in Africa, which is most likely due to the scarce taxonomic work that has been conducted in the last continent [5,15–18]. Duncan et al [19] suggested that the diversity of this genus in Northwestern Africa could be underestimated given the greater diversity found in other regions such as South America or North America.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mediterranean as a melting pot: Phylogeography of Loxosceles rufescens (Sicariidae) in the Mediterranean Basin

2018

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The species Loxosceles rufescens is native to the Mediterranean but considered cosmopolitan because it has been dispersed worldwide. A previous study revealed 11 evolutionary lineages across the Mediterranean, grouped into two main clades, without any clear phylogeographic pattern. The high genetic diversity within this species (p-distances of up to 7.8% in some Mediterranean lineages), together with the results obtained with different species delimitation methods (GMYC, TCS) could indicate the existence of cryptic species. Here we compare the mitochondrial and microsatellite diversity to elucidate if the lineages of L. rufescens in the Mediterranean should be considered different species (cryptic species) or populations of the same species. To do so, we analyzed the cox1 diversity of 196 individuals, of which, we genotyped 148, sampled from 19 localities across the Mediterranean. STRUCTURE analyses of microsatellite data identified two genetic clusters of L. rufescens. One cluster included individuals from Western Mediterranean localities (Iberian Peninsula, Morocco, Balearic Islands) and Israel, while the second one grouped individuals from Italian and Greek localities, including Sardinia, Sicily and Tunisia. These patterns suggest that geographic proximity is the more significant factor in the clustering with microsatellite data and shows the existence of gene flow between the nearest geographic areas, even if the individuals belong to different mitochondrial lineages or clades. The lack of correspondence between both genetic markers suggests that the evolutionary lineages found within L. rufescens should not be considered different species. We conclude that these phylogenetic linages and their distribution may be the result of the maternal evolutionary history of the species and human-mediated dispersion.

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“…Recently, Iranian caves have been the subject of an extensive faunal study and as a result numerous new invertebrate species, subspecies and even higher taxa are described, most of them known to be highly endemic to only one cave (Christophoryová et al 2013, Kashani et al 2013, Malek-Hosseini et al 2015a, 2015b, 2016a, 2016b, Tahami et al 2016, 2017a, 2017b, 2017c, 2017d, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of basal insects (Microcoryphia and Zygentoma) from subterranean environments of Iran, with description of three new species

Molero¹,

Tahami²,

Gaju-Ricart³

et al. 2018

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A survey of wingless insects belonging to the orders Microcoryphia (=Archaeognatha) and Zygentoma (=Thysanura s. str.) has been performed in subterranean habitats of central Iran. As a result, several new species have been discovered. In this work, three new species are described: a new species of bristletail of the family Machilidae, Haslundiellairanicasp. n., a new silverfish of the family Lepismatidae, Ctenolepismasubterraneumsp. n., and a new Nicoletiidae, Lepidospora (Brinckina) momtazianasp. n. These new taxa are compared with related species in their respective genera and keys for their identification are provided: one for all known species of Haslundiella and one for all basal insects of subterranean environments of Iran which includes those previously reported. Moreover, the previously published keys of Iranian Ctenolepisma and the subgenus Brinckina are modified to include the new species. Three additional species of Lepismatidae are reported in this work: Neoasterolepìsma palmonii and Ctenolepismatargionii are newly recorded from Iran and both species, together with Acrotelsacollaris, are cited for the first time in the subterranean habitats. This survey progresses the knowledge on the biodiversity of these insects in Iran.

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A new species of Loxosceles Heineken & Lowe, 1832 (Araneae: Sicariidae)<br />from Iranian caves

Cited by 546 publications

References 0 publications

Under an integrative taxonomic approach: the description of a new species of the genus Loxosceles (Araneae, Sicariidae) from Mexico City

Under an integrative taxonomic approach: the description of a new species of the genus Loxosceles (Araneae, Sicariidae) from Mexico City

The Mediterranean as a melting pot: Phylogeography of Loxosceles rufescens (Sicariidae) in the Mediterranean Basin

A survey of basal insects (Microcoryphia and Zygentoma) from subterranean environments of Iran, with description of three new species

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