Two new species of the genus Hymenaphorura from Romania, H. urbanasp. nov. and H. kalinderasp. nov., are described and illustrated. Hymenaphorura urbana has a postantennal organ (PAO) with 13–15 simple vesicles, abdominal terga I–III with subequal setae p2 and p3, abdominal tergum V granular area with 3+3 distinct, long macrosetae, and H. kalinderasp. nov. has PAO with 9–12 simple vesicles, one border seta, abdominal terga I–III with setae p2 slightly longer than setae p3, abdominal tergum V granular area with 4+4 distinct macrosetae. Remarks on H. subsimilis Bagnall, 1948 are given. An updated key for the world distributed species of Hymenaphorura is presented.