A new species of Hemibrycon (Characiformes, Characidae) from the upper San Juan River drainage, Pacific versant, Colombia

Abstract

Hemibrycon sanjuanensis, new species, is described from the upper San Juan River drainage, Pacific versant, Colombia. It is distinguished from Hemibrycon boquiae, Hemibrycon brevispini, Hemibrycon cairoense, Hemibrycon colombianus, Hemibrycon mikrostiktos, Hemibrycon metae, Hemibrycon palomae, Hemibrycon rafaelense and Hemibrycon tridens by the presence of a circular or oblong humeral spot that is located two scales posterior to the opercle (vs. 3–4 scales in Hemibrycon palomae, Hemibrycon rafaelense, Hemibrycon brevispini and Hemibrycon cairoense, and 0–1 scales, in Hemibrycon metae and Hemibrycon boquiae). It further differs from Hemibrycon colombianus in having a round or oblong humeral spot (vs. rectangular). It differs from Hemibrycon beni, Hemibrycon dariensis, Hemibrycon divisorensis, Hemibrycon helleri, Hemibrycon huambonicus, Hemibrycon inambari, Hemibrycon jabonero, Hemibrycon jelskii, Hemibrycon mikrostiktos, Hemibrycon polyodon, Hemibrycon quindos, Hemibrycon raqueliae, Hemibrycon santamartae, Hemibrycon surinamensis, Hemibrycon taeniurus, Hemibrycon tridens, and Hemibrycon yacopiae in having melanophores on the posterior margins of the scales along the sides of body (vs. lacking melanophores on margins of scales along entire length of the sides of body). The new species differs from all congeners mentioned above in having, among other features, six teeth in the outer premaxillary row arranged in a straight line (vs. five or fewer teeth not arranged in straight line except Hemibrycon cairoense with two to six teeth in the outer premaxillary row).

Tres nuevas especies de <i>Hemibrycon</i> (Characiformes: Characidae) de la cuenca del río Magdalena, Colombia

“…The coordinate matrix generated by the TPS Dig2 program was analyzed with the MorphoJ program, which generated: an analysis of variance of canonical variables (AVC) using standardized data; this multivariate analysis maximizes the traditional morphological variation between groups; the changes in shape associated with each canonical variable (VC) that are drawn as deformation grids that describe the differences found between groups, and consists of the observations of the multivariate analysis compared with data obtained with traditional techniques (AVC), discriminating the variation between species; and evaluating the similarity among populations based on the Mahalanobis distance nearness. (Román-Valencia 2001, 2009a, 2009b, Román-Valencia & Ruiz-C. 2007, Román-Valencia & Arcila-Mesa 2008, 2009, 2010 for additional lists of comparative material examined of Hemibrycon species that we compared with this new species. Data were also used from Bertaco et al (2007).…”

“…The taxonomy of the genus Hemibrycon Günther has been fairly addressed , 2009a, 2009b, Román-Valencia & Ruiz 2007, Bertaco et al 2007, Román-Valencia & Arcila-Mesa 2008, 2009, 2010, Bertaco & Malabarba 2010. A total of 14 species have been found in the Cauca-Magdalena River Basin of Colombia, including the three described here in: H. boquiae, H. brevispini, H. cairoense, H. colombianus, H. palomae, H. paez, H. quindos, H. rafaelense, H. raqueliae, H. virolinica, and H. yacopiae (Román-Valencia et al 2006, 2009a, 2009b, 2010, Román-Valencia & Ruiz-C. 2007, Román-Valencia & Arcila-Mesa 2008, 2009, 2010. The increase in the number of described Hemibrycon species from the Cauca-Magdalena River system, most of which exist in allopatry, suggests an interesting model for diversification of this genus in the Andes (Román-Valencia & Arcila-Mesa 2009).…”

A new species of Hemibrycon (Characiformes, Characidae, Stevardiinae) from the upper Magdalena River basin in Colombia

“…Of these, 25 trans‐Andean species are distributed in the coastal drainages of the Pacific slope of Panama and between the Caribbean slopes of Panama and Venezuela (including the Atrato, Magdalena‐Cauca and Lake Maracaibo Basins). Additionally, 18 cis‐Andean species are distributed from the Caribbean coastal basins of Venezuela to the lower Tocantins basin (including the Orinoco Basin, Trinidad and Tobago and Amazon Bbasin in Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador and Peru) (Bertaco & Malabarba, ; Román‐Valencia et al, ; Thomaz et al, ).…”

“…In the past 10 years, 20 species of Hemibrycon have been described (Fricke & Eschmeyer, ). Sixteen species have been described from Colombia, 14 of which are from the Magdalena–Cauca Basin (Román‐Valencia & Ruiz, ; Román‐Valencia & Arcila‐Mesa, , , ; Román‐Valencia et al, , ; García‐Alzate et al, ). However, problems with species delimitation within the genus have been highlighted by Thomaz et al .…”

Stream ichthyofauna of the Tapajós National Forest, Pará, Brazil

“…Dagosta et al 2012), and descriptions of new species (e.g. Kullander and Ferreira 2005; Lima et al 2009; Sousa et al 2010; Ribeiro et al 2011; Dutra et al 2012; Teixeira et al 2013; Espíndola et al 2014; Román-Valencia et al 2014; Silva-Oliveira et al 2015). …”