A new species of grass spider, Agelenopsis riechertii, from the Southwestern USA, with notes on its courtship behavior (Araneae: Agelenidae)

Abstract

We describe a new spider species of the genus Agelenopsis Giebel 1869 (Agelenidae) from adult males and females. Agelenopsis riechertii is found in dry desert scrub habitats in the southwestern United States. While A. riechertii is similar to other sympatric congeners (A. aleenae, A. aperta, and A. spatula) in morphology and courtship behavior, it can be distinguished by an examination of its genitalia. Males possess an embolus that gradually narrows into a twisted tip which displays a convex edge from the lateral view. The female epigyna are harder to distinguish from congeners, but have a flatter anterior atrial edge that lacks strong bi-lobing. The spermatheca in female A. riechertii are also more elongate and comma-shaped than the other species. We describe the sequence of courtship behaviors exhibited by males, including the use of web pulses, abdomen waggling, and web flexing, in which males with fewer pauses, longer waggling bouts, and fewer web flexes are more likely to successfully copulate.

Updates and perspectives on reproductive behavior of South American wolf spiders

“…To date, this is the only wolf spider reported to display behavioral units commonly attributed to typical web-building spiders (González et al 2013). Similar behaviors are common in Araneidae, Theridiidae and Agelenidae families (Ross & Smith 1979; Robinson & Robinson 1980; Singer et al 2000; Galasso 2012; Bosco & Chuang 2018) and differ from the leg waving and pedipalpal drumming typically displayed by courting male wolf spiders (Costa 1975; Chiarle et al 2013; Uetz et al 2016). Considering these web-based behaviors and the apparent absence of male ornaments functioning as visual signals, the courtship of A. lagotis seems to involve mainly vibratory signals (Table 1A), although no studies have focused on these communication channels.…”