A New Species of Cosmocercoides (Ascaridida: Cosmocercidae) Parasitic in Tree Frogs from Southern Amazonia

Morphological and molecular characterization of Cosmocercoides amapari n. sp. (Nematoda: Cosmocercidae), parasitic in hylid frogs from the Brazilian Amazon

“…The new species belongs to the genus Cosmocercoides based on molecular data and the general morphology of males, as the presence of papillae surrounded by punctations (rosette papillae) and not ornamented with sclerotized supports (plectanes) on their caudal region. The main morphological characteristics used to distinguish species of the genus are the pattern of caudal papillae; size and shape of spicules and gubernaculum (if present), length of tail and the presence or absence of lateral alae and somatic papillae (Draghi et al ., 2020 ; Dos Anjos et al ., 2021 ).…”

“…Cosmocercoides Wilkie, 1930 are gastrointestinal parasites commonly found in amphibians and reptiles, and occasionally in terrestrial snails and slugs. These nematodes are characterized mainly by the rosette papillae on the male caudal region (Chen et al, 2018a;Liu et al, 2019;Dos Anjos et al, 2021). The species have monoxenic life cycle and adult females release eggs in host feces that develop into first-stage larvae in the environment.…”

“…Currently, there are approximately 28 nominal species of Cosmocercoides distributed worldwide. Of those, only 4 species have been reported from the Neotropical region, including Cosmocercoides lilloi Ramallo et al, 2007 Riva, 1999), both from Brazil (Ramallo et al, 2007;Ávila et al, 2010;Draghi et al, 2020;Dos Anjos et al, 2021).…”

“…Of those, only 4 species have been reported from the Neotropical region, including Cosmocercoides lilloi Ramallo et al ., 2007 from Rhinella arenarum (Hensel, 1867); Cosmocercoides latrans Draghi et al ., 2020 from Leptodactylus luctator (Hudson, 1892), both from Argentina; Cosmocercoides sauria Ávila et al ., 2010 from lizard Iphisa elegans (Gray, 1851) and Cosmocercoides meridionalis Anjos et al ., 2021 from Boana geographica (Spix, 1824), Boana boans (Linnaeus, 1758), Dryaderces cf. inframaculata (Boulenger, 1882), Osteocephalus taurinus (Steindachner, 1862) and Phyllomedusa camba (De la Riva, 1999), both from Brazil (Ramallo et al ., 2007 ; Ávila et al ., 2010 ; Draghi et al ., 2020 ; Dos Anjos et al ., 2021 ).…”