A new species of Anthiadinae (Teleostei: Serranidae) from São Pedro and São Paulo Archipelago, Brazil, Equatorial Atlantic

Abstract

A new species of Anthiadinae, Odontanthias cauoh, is described from São Pedro and São Paulo Archipelago (SPSPA), Brazil, Equatorial Atlantic. The new species differs from its only Atlantic congener by a combination of several characters: pectoral-fin rays 20; total gill rakers on first arch 39; vomerine tooth patch with a posterior prolongation; pelvic fin not reaching base of last anal-fin ray; dorsal, anal and pelvic fins scaleless; and coloration (dorsal, anal, and pelvic fins mostly dark red). The record of the new species contributes to increase the fish endemism in SPSPA.

Fish biodiversity of Saint Peter and Saint Paulʼs Archipelago, Mid‐Atlantic Ridge, Brazil: new records and a species database

“…Three of the four species of Anthiadinae (subfamily of Serranidae) that occur in SPSPA are endemic ( C. salmopunctatus , Odontanthias cauoh Carvalho‐Filho et al ., 2016, and Tosanoides aphrodite Pinheiro, Rocha & Rocha, 2018), and two ( O. cauoh and T. aphrodite ) are the only representatives of their genera in the Atlantic (Carvalho‐Filho et al ., 2016; Pinheiro et al ., 2018). The fourth species, Anthias asperilinguis Günther, 1859, seems to have distinct populations: genetic analyses of the samples from SPSPA are very similar to those from the Caribbean, but morphometric data split them apart (Anderson et al ., 2017).…”

Tosanoides obama, a new basslet (Perciformes, Percoidei, Serranidae) from deep coral reefs in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

“…A case is currently in preparation to formally resolve this homonymy through application to the ICZN. Until an Opinion is issued, we follow van der Laan et al (2014, 2016) and Carvalho-Filho (2016) in using the spelling “Anthiadinae” to represent the subfamily for this new species, instead of the more commonly used (but homonymous) spelling “Anthiinae”.…”

Tosanoides aphrodite, a new species from mesophotic coral ecosystems of St. Paul’s Rocks, Mid Atlantic Ridge (Perciformes, Serranidae, Anthiadinae)

“…The group commonly known as anthias fishes are classified within the serranid subfamily Anthiadinae Poey, 1861 (van der Laan et al 2014), also historically known as “Anthiinae” (but see Carvalho-Filho et al 2016; Pyle et al 2016; Anderson et al 2017; Eschmeyer and Fong 2018). In their review of the Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Anthiadine fishes, Anderson and Heemstra (2012) recognized 15 genera and 37 species, describing two new genera.…”

“…In their review of the Atlantic and Eastern Pacific Anthiadine fishes, Anderson and Heemstra (2012) recognized 15 genera and 37 species, describing two new genera. Recently, one species of Odontanthias was described from St. Paul’s Rocks (Carvalho-Filho et al 2016), an archipelago of small islets located around 940 km from Northeastern Brazil, in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (Viana et al 2009). St. Paul’s Rocks harbors one of the highest levels of endemism for reef fishes among Atlantic oceanic islands (Floeter et al 2008, Pinheiro et al 2018), even sheltering a genetic isolated population of a widespread species of Anthiadinae (Anderson et al 2017).…”