A new species of Acerentulus Berlese, 1908 (Protura, Acerentomata, Acerentomidae) from Bulgaria with a revised key to the confinis group

Abstract

A new species, Acerentulus bulgaricussp. nov., belonging to the confinis group, is described from Bulgaria. This species is characterized by long foretarsal sensilla a and b, the posterior position of foretarsal seta δ4, the presence of seta P1a on abdominal tergites II–VII and seta P3a on abdominal tergite VII, possession of eight anterior setae on abdominal tergite VII and composed spsm pores on sternite VI. The new species differs from all members of the confinis group in possessing P1a setae on tergites II–VII. Otherwise it is similar in body chaetotaxy and porotaxy to three species of the cunhai group, A. proximus, A. correzeanus and A. tuxeni. The identification key to 22 Acerentulus species belonging to confinis group is revised.

Diversity and distributional pattern of soil microarthropods (Protura) across a transitional zone in Ukraine

“…A total of 1924 specimens of Protura were examined and identified according to recent taxonomic keys (Nosek 1973; Szeptycki 1980, 1985, 1986, 1991; Shrubovych et al . 2012, 2014, 2016). All systematics and synonymies are given in Szeptycki (2007).…”

Molecular Phylogeny of Acerentomidae (Protura), with Description ofAcerentuloides bernardisp. nov. from North America

“…39), and modified sensilliform seta P4 on metanotum (Fig. 40) (Szeptycki & Weiner 1997;Shrubovych et al 2012Shrubovych et al , 2014b. Australentulus also has a well-developed striate band, but differs in possessing reduced labial palpi and 4 setae on sternite VIII.…”

“…Phylogenetic affinities were analyzed by comparing the obtained COI, 18S rRNA, 28S rDNA D1-D2, and 28S rDNA D3-D6 sequences with sequences of other members of Acerentomidae published in previous works (Shrubovych et al 2012(Shrubovych et al , 2014b(Shrubovych et al ,c, 2016Resch et al 2014) completed with published sequences (Bu & Wu 2012;Bai & Bu 2013) and other unpublished sequences found in BOLD (Table 1). Other Acerentomata genera (Neocondeellum [Protentomidae], Proturentomon [Protentomidae], and Hesperentomon [Hesperentomidae]) were used to root the trees (see Table 1).…”

“…The genus Acerentuloides contains only the single species A. americanus, distributed in the USA and Canada (Szeptycki 2007). The mor-phologically similar genus Acerentulus comprises 49 species (Szeptycki 2007;Wu & Yin 2007;Shrubovych et al 2012Shrubovych et al , 2014bGalli & Capurro 2013) and is distributed worldwide, but in North America only 2 species are known: Acerentulus confinis (Berlese, 1908) and Acerentulus christensoni (Ewing, 1940). In the present paper, we describe a second species of Acerentuloides, provide a generic diagnosis, and discuss the phylogenetic position of the genus Acerentuloides, subfamily Berberentulinae and family Acerentomidae within Acerentomata.…”

“…A 658 bp fragment of the COI gene (DNA barcode) as well as 1,541 bp of the 18S rRNA and 971 bp of the 28S rDNA D1-D2 were amplified and sequenced from a specimen collected in the USA. To complete the COI data sets previously published (Shrubovych et al 2012(Shrubovych et al , 2014b(Shrubovych et al , 2014c, other Acerentulus and Andinentulus species were amplified for 18S rRNA: Acerentulus charrieri Shrubovych, Schneider & D'Haese, 2012, A. noeli Shrubovych, Schneider & D'Haese, 2014., A. pyreneicus Shrubovych, Schneider & D'Haese, 2014, and Andinentulus rapoporti (Condé, 1963; 28S rDNA D1-D2: A. noeli and Andinentulus rapoporti (2 different specimens); 28S rDNA D3-D6: A. charrieri (2 different specimens), A. noeli (2 different specimens), A. pyreneicus, and Andinentulus rapoporti. The se-quences were deposited in BOLD under accession numbers ABPE002-17-ABPE011-17 (see Table 1).…”