A new soft ionization technique for mass spectrometry of complex molecules

Blakley, C. R.; Carmody, J. J.; Vestal, Marvin L.

doi:10.1021/ja00538a050

Cited by 276 publications

(82 citation statements)

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“…Lastly, the [Mion of 4 (m/z 417) showed a CO 2 Na]l oss of leading to a fragment at m/z 400, and the NH 3 , cleavage of C(7)ÈC (8), N(1)ÈC(6) and S(5)ÈC(4) bonds led to the fragment at m/z 223 containing the R1 moiety. MS4 experiments showed that the ion at m/z 400 led to fragments at m/z 299, due to a further R2H 2 loss, whereas the ion at m/z 223 underwent further NH 3 loss, giving rise to the anion at m/z 206.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospray mass spectrometry in the structural characterization of cephalosporins

Tenconi¹,

Filippo²,

Col³

et al. 1999

J. Mass Spectrom.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospray mass spectrometry in the structural characterization of cephalosporins

Tenconi¹,

Filippo²,

Col³

et al. 1999

J. Mass Spectrom.

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“…That birth came in 1978, all of ten years after Dole's first paper, when Marvin Vestal and his colleagues introduced Thermospray Ionization (TSI) (9)(10)(11)(12). Moreover, TSI had no apparent roots in the work of Dole and Iribarne.…”

Section: The Last Becomes First -Marvin Vestal's Thermospraymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospray Ion Formation: Desorption Versus Desertion

Fenn

Rosell

Nohmi³

et al. 1996

ACS Symposium Series

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There are two widely debated mechanisms for the formation of gas phase ions from solute species in charged droplets. One is embodied in the Charged Residue Model (CRM) of Malcolm Dole. The other forms the basis of the Ion Desorption Model (IDM) of Iribarne and Thomson. Careful consideration of a variety of selected experimental results leads to a conclusion that the IDM provides a more satisfactory explanation of the ionization process for all species except perhaps very large molecules with molecular weights of a million or more. Malcolm Dole -A Daring DoerElectrically charged droplets were first proposed as a source of ions for mass spectrometry (MS) in 1968 by Malcolm Dole and his colleagues (/). Interested in trying to determine molecular weight distributions of synthetic polymers they assembled an apparatus designed to stage the following scenario: A dilute solution of the polymer analyte in a volatile solvent is introduced through a small tube into an electrospray (ES) source chamber through which dry bath gas (nitrogen) flows at atmospheric pressure. A potential difference of a few kilovolts between the tube and the chamber walls produces an intense electrostatic field at the tube exit and disperses the emerging solution into a fine spray of charged droplets. As the droplets lose solvent by evaporation their charge density increases until the Rayleigh limit is reached at which Coulomb forces overcome surface tension and the droplet breaks up into small droplets which repeat that sequence. Dole argued that if initial concentrations of solute polymer are low enough, a succession of such "Coulomb explosions' 1 would ultimately lead to droplets so small that each would contain only one molecule of analyte. As the last of the solvent evaporates that residual molecule would retain some of the droplet charge, thereby becoming a free macroion. A portion of the resulting dispersion of macroions in bath gas could then be introduced into a vacuum system by way of a free jet expansion from an orifice in the source chamber. Once in the vacuum system they could be "weighed" by an appropriate mass 0097-6156/95/0619-0060$12.25/0

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“…The next major advance in LC-MS interfacing was developed by Blakely and Vestal (55,56). To circumvent the solvent elimination problem, Blakely et al (55) developed the thermospray interface that operates with aqueous-organic mobile phase at typical 4.6-mm i.d.…”

Section: Hplc Determination Of Trace Organic Compounds 127mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To circumvent the solvent elimination problem, Blakely et al (55) developed the thermospray interface that operates with aqueous-organic mobile phase at typical 4.6-mm i.d. column flow rates, 1-2 mL/min.…”

Section: Hplc Determination Of Trace Organic Compounds 127mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography for Determination of Trace Organic Compounds in Aqueous Environmental Samples

Graham

1986

Advances in Chemistry

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A review of high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) instrumentation, techniques, and methodologies for the deter mination of trace organic compounds in water is presented. The review includes approaches to sample cleanup or analyte isola tion for those compounds likely to be candidates for analysis by HPLC. Column technology, as it contributes to the use of HPLC for trace organic analyses, is discussed. Finally, various tech niques for quantitative and qualitative detection of analytes are discussed. "W • Τ HAT IS IN THIS WATER?"This seemingly simple, yet horrendously complex question is being posed by increasing numbers of well-in formed and not so well-informed individuals. In the recent U.S. Envi ronmental Protection Agency (USEPA) report, "National Water Quality Inventory Report to Congress", two issues of national concern were identified: (1) pollution resulting from toxic substances and (2) con tamination and depletion of ground water. More than half the states reported ground water problems stemming from waste disposal, landfill seepage, and excessive depletion of ground water supplies. A diverse collection of highly skilled scientists and engineers will be needed to effectively address these ubiquitous problems and to provide meaning ful answers to the question "What is in this water?"As more people ask this question, a greater burden will fall on the

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A new soft ionization technique for mass spectrometry of complex molecules

Cited by 276 publications

References 0 publications

Electrospray mass spectrometry in the structural characterization of cephalosporins

Electrospray mass spectrometry in the structural characterization of cephalosporins

Electrospray Ion Formation: Desorption Versus Desertion

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography for Determination of Trace Organic Compounds in Aqueous Environmental Samples

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