A new simulator laboratory for research and development of VSC HVDC topologies and control algorithms

Whitehouse, Robert S.; Oates, Colin; Maneiro, Jose; MacLeod, Norman

doi:10.1049/cp.2010.0983

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…However a digital simulation is only as good as the data that is put in; ‘ unknowns ’ are simply omitted. Physical simulation still has its place in the exploration of effects of parameters that might not always be apparent and provides a valuable validation tool for the more precise, detailed and exhaustive digital simulation studies [17].…”

Section: Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of multiple cross‐over of control characteristics in multi‐terminal HVDC

Barker

Whitehouse

Lang

et al. 2016

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution

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HVDC grids have been made practical with the introduction of the voltage source converter (VSC). The development of VSC technology has been, and continues to be rapid, with new converter topologies and new manufacturers entering the market. For the power transmission industry to fully exploit the benefits a 'multi-vendor' supply chain is considered essential. However, unlike AC grids, there is at present no standardised grid code for HVDC grids and interoperability of equipment and systems, purchased from many different and competing suppliers, is a major concern. Compatibility of control between converters supplied by different manufacturers has been considered by several groups such as CENELEC TC8X -WG6. The initial findings were that there was little reason to suggest that restrictions should be placed on which control strategy should be employed. However recent work uncovered an adverse interaction between converters with differing operating modes. This study illustrates how multiple operating points in the control characteristics could occur and show why such operation is undesirable and how it can be avoided by careful scheme design.

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Section: Verificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of multiple cross‐over of control characteristics in multi‐terminal HVDC

Barker

Whitehouse

Lang

et al. 2016

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution

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“…Both Siemens' HVDC Plus and ABBs HVDC Light products are based on the MMC introduced in [31] (the HVDC Light is referred to as cascaded two-level converter [14]). Although Alstom has a 25 MW VSC-HVDC prototype in operation based on the same topology as in [31], the future schemes will be based on the hybrid VSC-HVDC converter concept [17], [37]. The Plus and Light HVDC schemes will due to the similarity in their topologies be described together in subsection A, whereas the hybrid converter will be presented in subsection B.…”

Section: Working Principle Of the Multi-level Convertersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(ii) VSC-HVDC, which is a relatively new technology, which is under rapid development [14], [15], [16]. The VSC technology was initially developed for drive technologies [17]. Due to significant increase in voltage and power ratings of semiconductors such as the insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), the VSC-HVDC scheme started to find applications in the late 1990s, especially where the interconnected AC networks had low short circuit level or where space was limited [18], [19], [20], [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on multi-level voltage source converter based HVDC technologies for grid connection of large offshore wind farms

Glasdam

Hjerrild

Kocewiak

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE International Conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON)

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This paper focuses on reviewing grid connection of large offshore wind farms (OWFs) employing current state-ofthe-art voltage source converter based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) technologies. A brief review of the VSC-HVDC evolvement is given followed by an overview of the advantages of employing VSC-HVDC for grid connection of large OWFs located remote from shore. A detailed description of the topologies is given and simulation results are presented in order to illustrate some of the main features of the most popular multilevel VSC-HVDC topology.Based on the review it is found that there are currently three vendors of the VSC-HVDC. Furthermore, it is found that the VSC-HVDC is a promising technology for grid connection of remote located OWFs and is going to be the preferred choice for remote located OWF grid connection in e.g. the UK.

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“…Real-time simulation and hardware-in-the-loop tests are critical to the design, control, and commissioning of power converter systems [10]- [12]. The insights gained from such tests ensure the proper operations of the controllers and protection systems prior to commissioning the converter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Simulation of Hybrid Three-Level and Modular Multilevel Converter Based on Complete Equivalent Model for High Voltage Direct Current Transmission System

Han

Bieber

Paull

et al. 2022

IEEE Open J. Power Energy

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Real-time simulation is a crucial but complicated task for fast control prototyping of high-power converters. Detailed semiconductor device-based model simulates a large number of switching events at a small time step, which requires large computational effort and is thus challenging for real-time simulation. This paper proposes a complete equivalent model (CEM) approach for the real-time simulation of a hybrid 3-level and modular multilevel converter (H3LC). The presented CEM simplifies the detailed equivalent model (DEM) of the H3LC and facilitates the implementation of real-time simulation. A central processing unit (CPU) and field-programmable gate array (FPGA) based simulation is presented whereby the massive parallel computing power of the FPGA enables the simulation of the H3LC's three-level T-type converter and the hundreds of series-connected full bridge submodules. The rest of the converter system, including the converter controls, the AC grid, and the measurement of the AC currents are implemented within the CPU model. The FPGA-based converter model is interfaced with the CPU model using controlled voltage sources to represent the ACand DC-side equivalent voltages of the H3LC. The OP5700 realtime digital simulator from OPAL-RT Technologies is used to realize the CPU-FPGA real-time simulation, which is verified by the offline MATLAB/Simulink Simscape model.Index Terms-Complete equivalent model, hybrid 3-level and modular multilevel converter, real-time simulation, fieldprogrammable gate array simulation, high voltage direct current transmission, voltage source converter NOMENCLATURE CEM Complete equivalent model CF Chainlink FBSM CPU Central processing unit DS Direct switch DEM Detailed equivalent model DM Detailed semiconductor device-based model EMT Electro-magnetic transient EM Equivalent module FBSM Full-bridge submodule FPGA Field programmable gate array HCMC Hybrid cascaded multilevel converter HVDC High voltage direct current H3LC Hybrid 3-level and modular multilevel converter IGBT Insulated-gate bipolar transistor MMC Modular multilevel converter PCIe Peripheral component interconnect express PF Protection FBSM VBC Voltage balancing control VSC Voltage source converter This work is supported by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada.

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A new simulator laboratory for research and development of VSC HVDC topologies and control algorithms

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Risk of multiple cross‐over of control characteristics in multi‐terminal HVDC

Risk of multiple cross‐over of control characteristics in multi‐terminal HVDC

Review on multi-level voltage source converter based HVDC technologies for grid connection of large offshore wind farms

Real-Time Simulation of Hybrid Three-Level and Modular Multilevel Converter Based on Complete Equivalent Model for High Voltage Direct Current Transmission System

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