A new safranin based three-component photoinitiating system for high resolution and low shrinkage printed parts via digital light processing

Abstract

The resolution and shrinkage of DLP 3D printed parts improve remarkably when SFH+/RSH/IOD+ is used as a photoinitiating system.

Dimensional Accuracy Evaluation of Temporary Dental Restorations with Different 3D Printing Systems

“…As previously known, shrinkage is one of the challenges of DLP printers [ 27 ]. In the color map, such shrinkage was well-presented in both printers, and it was more prominent in LCD restorations.…”

A highly efficient microwave-assisted synthesis of an LED-curable methacrylated gelatin for bio applications

“…This was examined by other researchers that the properties of the GelMA hydrogels can be eagerly tailored by changing the MD, photoinitiator and GelMA concentration, as well as intensity and irradiation time (irradiation dose). [21][22][23][24][25][26][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] The relation between MD and GF, SD, EB, TS, and T g of photo-crosslinked GelMA hydrogels are shown in Fig. 11 (solid lines) and the equation of best curve tting for each data was derived (dotted lines) as follows: The objective of measuring the static WCAs was to compare the wettability of the photo-crosslinked GelMA lms.…”

“…[8][9][10][11][12][16][17][18][19][21][22][23] Photo-curing has received considerable attention as an excellent method to develop the hydrogels due to the fast crosslinking at mild conditions (in aqueous environments, neutral pH, and at ambient temperature) and being environmentally-friendly (no solvent emission and low energy consumption). 18,20,22,[24][25][26] In the conventional GelMA synthesis, the primary amine groups existing on the lysine (LY) and hydroxylysine (HLY) amino acids of gelatin react directly with anhydride group of methacrylic anhydride (MA) at 50-60 C in an aqueous media for 1-10 h resulting in the GelMAs with various methacrylation degrees (MDs). 21,22,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31] It was stated that highly methacrylated gelatin can be almost only achieved in the conventional methacrylation method by using an excess amount of MA (up to 30 times molar excess) over the estimated primary amine groups of gelatin during a quite long time (10 h).…”

“…18,20,22,[24][25][26] In the conventional GelMA synthesis, the primary amine groups existing on the lysine (LY) and hydroxylysine (HLY) amino acids of gelatin react directly with anhydride group of methacrylic anhydride (MA) at 50-60 C in an aqueous media for 1-10 h resulting in the GelMAs with various methacrylation degrees (MDs). 21,22,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31] It was stated that highly methacrylated gelatin can be almost only achieved in the conventional methacrylation method by using an excess amount of MA (up to 30 times molar excess) over the estimated primary amine groups of gelatin during a quite long time (10 h). 21,22,[31][32][33][34][35] In this method, further increasing the reaction temperature to decrease the reaction time is not practical because of the MA hydrolysis probability.…”

Efficient 3D printing via photooxidation of ketocoumarin based photopolymerization

“…For instance, by using a reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent as the reactive light absorber, Boyer and coworkers [38][39][40][41] have achieved a print speed of 9.1 cm h −1 while the print resolution is reported to be 200 μm 38 . Allonas and coworkers also reported a resolution of 100 μm but with a low print speed of 1.8 cm h −1 using other three-component photoinitiating systems 42,43 , wherein the photosensitizer functions as the reactive light absorber. Nonetheless, further increasing the print resolution remains a challenge.…”