A New Safety Distance Model Based on Braking Process Considering Adhesion Coefficient

Abstract

The traditional safety distance model based on the braking process is inadequate for scenarios where the adhesion coefficient varies. This research presents a safety distance model that takes into account the real-time fluctuations in the adhesion coefficient during the braking process. The proposed safety distance model is the basis for a three-level control strategy aimed at ensuring the safety and stability of the car-following process. A simulation is conducted to model the variation of the road’s adhesion coefficient during car braking. The experimental results, obtained for various initial adhesion coefficients and speeds, demonstrate that the precision of the safety distance calculated is improved by a minimum of 14.99% when compared to the traditional safety distance. Furthermore, the simulation results of the car-following process of a motorcade consisting of five cars provide evidence of the safety and stability of the suggested model.