“…Cesium carbonate was purchased from Acros Chemical Co., dried in vacuo at 120Ϫ150°C for several hours, stored in a Schlenk tube, and weighed in an argon-flushed vessel. Aniline (2a), 4-methylaniline (2b), 4-ethoxyaniline (2c), Nmethylaniline (2d), n-hexylamine (2e), benzylamine (2f), propane-1,3-diamine (2g), morpholine (2h), piperidine (2i), diethylamine (2j), 1,8-dichloroanthraquinone (6), triethylenetetraamine (8a), N,NЈ-bis (2-aminoethyl)propane -1,3-diamine (8b), N,NЈ-bis(3-aminopropyl)ethane-1,2-diamine (8c), tetraethylenepentaamine (8e), pentaethylenehexaamine (8f), 2,2Ј-(ethylenedioxy)bis(ethylamine) (9a), 4,9-dioxadodecane-1,12-diamine (9b), 4,7,10-trioxatridecane-1,13-diamine (9c), 1,5-dichloroanthraquinone (38), 1-aza-15-crown-5 (57), BINAP, tri-tert-butylphosphane, tricyclohexylphosphane and PPF-OMe were purchased from Aldrich Chemical Co. N,NЈ-Bis(3-aminopropyl)propane-1,3-diamine was purchased from Avocado Chemical Co. 2-(Di-tert-butylphosphanyl)-1,1Ј-biphenyl was purchased from Strem Chemical Co. Pd(dba) 2 , [28] 1,8-and 1,5-dichloroanthracenes 1 and 29, [29] cyclam 48, [30] cyclen 50, [31] and N,NЈ,NЈЈ-trimethylcyclam 54 [32] were synthesised by the described procedures.…”