A New Robust and Secure 3-Level Digital Image Watermarking Method Based on G-BAT Hybrid Optimization

Abstract

This contribution applies tools from the information theory and soft computing (SC) paradigms to the embedding and extraction of watermarks in aerial remote sensing (RS) images to protect copyright. By the time 5G came along, Internet usage had already grown exponentially. Regarding copyright protection, the most important responsibility of the digital image watermarking (DIW) approach is to provide authentication and security for digital content. In this paper, our main goal is to provide authentication and security to aerial RS images transmitted over the Internet by the proposal of a hybrid approach using both the redundant discrete wavelet transform (RDWT) and the singular value decomposition (SVD) schemes for DIW. Specifically, SC is adopted in this work for the numerical optimization of critical parameters. Moreover, 1-level RDWT and SVD are applied on digital cover image and singular matrices of LH and HL sub-bands are selected for watermark embedding. Further selected singular matrices SLH and SHL are split into 3×3 non-overlapping blocks, and diagonal positions are used for watermark embedding. Three-level symmetric encryption with low computational cost is used to ensure higher watermark security. A hybrid grasshopper–BAT (G-BAT) SC-based optimization algorithm is also proposed in order to achieve high quality DIW outcomes, and a broad comparison against other methods in the state-of-the-art is provided. The experimental results have demonstrated that our proposal provides high levels of imperceptibility, robustness, embedding capacity and security when dealing with DIW of aerial RS images, even higher than the state-of-the-art methods.

Statistical Image Watermark Algorithm for FAPHFMs Domain Based on BKF–Rayleigh Distribution

“…Etemad et al [19] proposed a contourlet-domain multiplicative watermark detection method based on t-LS distribution, designed an optimal multiplicative watermark detector using the likelihood ratio decision rule and t position scale distribution, and derived the receiver operating characteristics. Kilari et al [36] proposed a hybrid approach using the redundant discrete wavelet transform (RDWT) and digital image watermarking singular-value decomposition (SVD) schemes to provide authentication and security for aerial remote sensing images transmitted over the Internet. Three-level symmetric encryption with a low computational cost was used to ensure the security of the watermark.…”

Robust Image Watermarking in Spatial Domain Utilizing Features Equivalent to SVD Transform

“…The suitable choice of the parameters used in watermarking and location selection to embed the watermark has been a hectic task. Several researchers have used optimization techniques and machine learning for this task, such as fuzzy logic, neural networks, support vector machine, and evolutionary algorithms (EAs) [17,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. From the evolutionary algorithm family, the firefly algorithm (FA) [42], artificial bee colony (ABC) [43], particle swarm optimization (PSO) [44], genetic algorithm (GA) [41], differential evolution (DE) [17], and teaching-learning based optimization (TLBO) [45] have all made significant contributions to watermarking.…”