A new risk assessment approach for the prioritization of 500 classical and emerging organic microcontaminants as potential river basin specific pollutants under the European Water Framework Directive

Ohe, Peter C. von der; Dulio, Valeria; Slobodnı́k, Jaroslav; Deckere, Eric de; Kühne, Ralph; Ebert, Ralf‐Uwe; Ginebreda, Antoni; Cooman, Ward De; Schüürmann, Gerrit; Brack, Werner

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.01.054

Cited by 266 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Excluding the highest BaP EQ value, the average BaP EQ was only 0.78 ng/L in the effluents. The BaP EQs of all samples, except the sample E-2, were all far below 15 ng/L, which is the predicted no effect concentration of BaP for aquatic organisms reported by von der Ohe et al [47]. Among the detected PAH compounds, chrysene contributed more than 50% of the total BaP EQs in most of the effluents.…”

Section: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Effluentssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…However, further investigations are needed to understand more about these toxicants in industrial effluents. Given the predicted no effect concentration values for estradiol and BaP of 1.5 ng/L and 15 ng/L, respectively [38,47], the risk quotients (ratio of the measured activity to the predicted no effect concentration) for some effluents would be higher than one. In the worst-case scenarios, without any dilution of these industrial effluents, potential high risks would be expected for aquatic organisms in the receiving environments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calculated activity of a group of chemicals based on chemical analysis was expressed as the sum of a group of the same effect chemicals by multiplying the relative potency of a compound and its corresponding environmental concentration based on the addition model [38,46,47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of hormonal activities and genotoxicity of industrial effluents using in vitro bioassays combined with chemical analysis

Fang

Ying

Zhao

et al. 2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Wastewaters from various industries are a main source of the contaminants in aquatic environments. The authors evaluated the hormonal activities (estrogenic/anti‐estrogenic activities, androgenic/anti‐androgenic activities) and genotoxicity of various effluents from textile and dyeing plants, electronic and electroplate factories, pulp and paper mills, fine chemical factories, and municipal wastewater treatment plants in the Pearl River Delta region by using in vitro bioassays (yeast estrogen screen [YES]; yeast androgen screen [YAS]; and genotoxicity assay [umu/SOS]) combined with chemical analysis. The results demonstrated the presence of estrogenic, anti‐estrogenic, and anti‐androgenic activity in most industrial effluents, whereas no androgenic activities were detected in all of the effluents. The measured estrogenic activities expressed as estradiol equivalent concentrations (EEQs) ranged from below detection (3 of 26 samples) to 40.7 ng/L, with a mean of 7.33 ng/L in all effluents. A good linear relationship was found between the EEQs measured by YES bioassay and the EEQs calculated from chemical concentrations. These detected estrogenic compounds, such as 4‐nonylphenol and estrone, were responsible for the estrogenic activities in the effluents. The genotoxic effects expressed as benzo[a]pyrene equivalent concentrations (BaP EQs) varied between below detection and 88.2 µg/L, with a mean of 8.76 µg/L in all effluents. The target polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were minor contributors to the genotoxicity in the effluents, and some nontarget compounds in the effluents were responsible for the measured genotoxicity. In terms of estrogenic activities and genotoxicity, discharge of these effluents could pose high risks to aquatic organisms in the receiving environments. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:1273–1282. © 2012 SETAC

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Section: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Effluentssupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Assessment of hormonal activities and genotoxicity of industrial effluents using in vitro bioassays combined with chemical analysis

Fang

Ying

Zhao

et al. 2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…HQs were calculated according to EU guidelines (European Comission, 2003) as the quotient between measured environmental concentration (MEC) and predicted no-effect concentration (PNEC), where the maximum individual concentrations of pharmaceuticals found in the different wastewaters were used as MEC. When the reported concentration was below the method quantification limit (b MQL), half of the MQL value was considered (von der Ohe et al, 2011). PNEC values were estimated using the lowest acute ecotoxicological data reported in the literature (EC50 or LC50) for short term standard toxicity studies using three different species from several trophic levels (fish, Daphnia and algae) and applying an assessment factor (usually 1000) (European Comission, 2003), in order to take into account the extrapolation from inter-and intraspecies variability in sensitivity (Sanderson et al, 2003).…”

Section: Environmental Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to their bioactive intrinsic properties, pharmaceuticals are recognized as being able to cause potential effects in aquatic organisms; therefore environmental risk assessment (ERA) studies are recommended, in order to consider the potential effect of pharmaceuticals at their exposure levels (von der Ohe et al, 2011). According to the guidelines set out by the European Medicines Agency (EMA), new pharmaceuticals require an ERA, which is assessed in a step-wise approach, divided in two phases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of hospital effluents to the load of pharmaceuticals in urban wastewaters: Identification of ecologically relevant pharmaceuticals

Santos

Gros²,

Rodríguez-Mozaz³

et al. 2013

Science of The Total Environment

527

216

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The impact of effluent wastewaters from four different hospitals: a university (1456 beds), a general (350 beds), a pediatric (110 beds) and a maternity hospital (96 beds), which are conveyed to the same wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), was evaluated in the receiving urban wastewaters. The occurrence of 78 pharma-ceuticals belonging to several therapeutic classes was assessed in hospital effluents and WWTP wastewaters (influent and effluent) as well as the contribution of each hospital in WWTP influent in terms of pharmaceu-tical load. Results indicate that pharmaceuticals are widespread pollutants in both hospital and urban waste-waters. The contribution of hospitals to the input of pharmaceuticals in urban wastewaters widely varies, according to their dimension. The estimated total mass loadings were 306 g d − 1 for the university hospital, 155 g d − 1 for the general one, 14 g d −1 for the pediatric hospital and 1.5 g d − 1 for the maternity hospital, showing that the biggest hospitals have a greater contribution to the total mass load of pharmaceuticals. Fur-thermore, analysis of individual contributions of each therapeutic group showed that NSAIDs, analgesics and antibiotics are among the groups with the highest inputs. Removal efficiency can go from over 90% for pharmaceuticals like acetaminophen and ibuprofen to not removal for β-blockers and salbutamol. Total mass load of pharmaceuticals into receiving surface waters was estimated between 5 and 14 g/d/1000 inhabitants. Finally, the environmental risk posed by pharmaceuticals detected in hospital and WWTP effluents was assessed by means of hazard quotients toward different trophic levels (algae, daphnids and fish). Several pharmaceuticals present in the different matrices were identified as potentially hazardous to aquatic organ-isms, showing that especial attention should be paid to antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, sulfameth-oxazole, azithromycin and clarithromycin, since their hazard quotients in WWTP effluent revealed that they could pose an ecotoxicological risk to algae.

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NORMAN Association: A Network Approach to Scientific Collaboration on Emerging Contaminants and their Transformation Products in Europe

Slobodnı́k

Dulio

2014

Transformation Products of Emerging Contaminants in the Environment

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A new risk assessment approach for the prioritization of 500 classical and emerging organic microcontaminants as potential river basin specific pollutants under the European Water Framework Directive

Cited by 266 publications

References 27 publications

Assessment of hormonal activities and genotoxicity of industrial effluents using in vitro bioassays combined with chemical analysis

Assessment of hormonal activities and genotoxicity of industrial effluents using in vitro bioassays combined with chemical analysis

Contribution of hospital effluents to the load of pharmaceuticals in urban wastewaters: Identification of ecologically relevant pharmaceuticals

NORMAN Association: A Network Approach to Scientific Collaboration on Emerging Contaminants and their Transformation Products in Europe

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