A new retrieval system for a database of 3D facial images

Photo anthropometric variations in Japanese facial features: Establishment of large-sample standard reference data for personal identification using a three-dimensional capture system

“…In applying these methods, the offender's facial images obtained at the location of criminal activity and the suspected person's face are compared to investigate if they belong to the same person. These results are considered to be expert opinion and are used to investigate various criminal cases, such as robberies, thefts, illegal immigration, violations of traffic control laws, assaults and homicide, and arson and the destruction of structures [19].…”

“…Although the 2D/3D superimposition method is extremely useful [12][13][14][19][20][21], it cannot completely substitute for traditional methods. 3D facial images cannot always be obtained from a possible offender in every forensic case.…”

Age changes of facial measurements in European young adult males: Implications for the identification of the living

“…Forensic anthropologists are often requested to compare the culprit represented on images with one or more suspects or compare individuals on different images. Three general approaches to facial identification are currently applied: morphological classification of facial traits (Ohlrogge et al, 2008(Ohlrogge et al, , 2009Ritz-Timme et al, 2011a;Vanezis et al, 1996), metric analysis (Halberstein, 2001;Kleinberg et al, 2007;Roelofse et al, 2008), and the superimposition method (De Angelis et al, 2009;Ventura et al, 2004;Yoshino et al, 2000Yoshino et al, , 2002Yoshino et al, , 2005. These approaches should help in standardising the comparison between two facial profiles, and the morphometric characteristics of the faces are described and compared in order to deliver a scientifically justifiable analysis.…”