A new record of Tricholoma caligatum (Tricholomataceae) from North Africa with a discussion of related species

Abstract

Among the Basidiomycota, matsutake are the most appreciated mushrooms in Japan. Some Tricholoma species belonging to matsutake group are exported from North Africa to Japan. Until the beginning of the 21 st century, the North African 'matsutake' was identified as T. caligatum, which is a circum-Mediterranean species described in 1834. However, recent molecular analyses uncover some North African isolates as T. anatolicum, which is a species described from Turkey in 2003. As a result, the presence of T. caligatum in North Africa remained to be confirmed. We analyzed a recent specimen collected in Algeria from mixed forest and based on molecular and morphological data, we found that it belongs to T. caligatum, indicating the existence of two species in North Africa. Morphological traits and molecular markers are proposed here to easily distinguish these two species from each other. The concept of both the species and their respective geographic distributions are discussed.

Inhibition of iNOS Induction and NF-κΒ Activation by Taste Compounds from the Edible Mushroom Tricholoma caligatum (Viv.) Ricken

“…Chemical investigation of the three different extracts of T. caligatum afforded two new (1 and 2) (Figure 1) and six known (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) compounds. The known compounds were identified as lascivol (3) [14], trametenolic acid (4) [15], ergosterol (5) [16], ergosterol peroxide (6) [2], 5,6-epoxyergosterol (7) [17], and cerebroside B ( 8) [18].…”

“…T. matsutake and several closely related species, including T. caligatum (Viv.) Ricken and T. magnivelare (Peck) Redhead were exported to Japan from Morocco, Algeria, Korea, China, North America and North Africa [6][7] in beginning of the 21 st century. Then the North African matsutake was recognized as T. caligatum (Viv.)…”

“…Then the North African matsutake was recognized as T. caligatum (Viv.) Ricken which has also been consumed by the local populations [7]. Inflammation is considered as a risk factor for several types of cancer, as well as a contributing factor in obesity and in metabolic disorders.…”

New findings on the fungal species <i>Tricholoma matsutake</i> from Ukraine, and revision of its taxonomy and biogeography based on multilocus phylogenetic analyses

“…At present, three species ( T. murrillianum , T. magnivelare , and T. mesoamericanum ) are exported to Japan. In addition, the presence of North American T. dulciolens , T. focale , and “ T. caligatum ” has been reported ( Chapela and Garbelotto, 2004 ; Bessette, Bessette, Roody, & Trudell, 2013 ; Murata et al, 2013 ; Benazza-Bouregba, Savoie, Fortas, & Billette, 2016 ; Heilmann-Clausen, Christensen, Frøslev, & Kjøller, 2017 ). This suggests that these species may be mixed in the exported American matsutake, as is the case of T. bakamatsutake presence in exported Chinese matsutake.…”

Inventory and Ecology of Macrofungi and Plants in a Northwestern Algerian Forest

“…1, never described and 22 species including (Hebeloma limbatum) already known but never reported in Algeria. T. caligatum identified for the first time in North Africa by molecular tools belongs to the group of Matsutake known for their high gastronomic value (Benazza-Bouregba et al 2016). This work made it possible to enrich for the first time an herbarium referenced MPU of the University of Montpellier, France by Algerian macrofungi with molecular data and illustrations of certain samples and also to enrich bases of international data (GenBank, Unite) with sequences from the ITS zone of rDNA of little-known fungal species from the Mediterranean rim.…”