A New Radiocarbon Database for the Lower 48 States

Kelly, Robert L.; Mackie, Madeline E.; Robinson, Erick; Meyer, Jack A.; Berry, M. Victoria; Boulanger, Matthew; Codding, Brian F.; Freeman, Jacob; Garland, Carey J.; Gingerich, Joseph A. M.; Hard, Robert J.; Haug, James; Martindale, Andrew; Meeks, Scott C.; Miller, Myles R.; Miller, D. E.; Perttula, Timothy K.; Railey, Jim; Reid, Ken; Scharlotta, Ian; Spangler, Jerry D.; Thomas, David Hurst; Thompson, Victor D.; White, Andrew

doi:10.1017/aaq.2021.157

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Over the last two decades, archaeologists have invested considerable time, resources, and effort in aggregating large radiocarbon databases, allowing us to better address the problem of random sampling error (Rick, 1987; Williams, 2012; Brown, 2015, 2017; Fitzhugh et al, 2016; Crema et al, 2016, 2017; Robinson et al, 2019; Kelly et al, 2021; Price et al, 2021; Shennan and Sear, 2021; Crema, 2022). These efforts to aggregate and archive data in digital repositories and targeted attempts to compile archaeological radiocarbon databases at up-to-continental scales (e.g., Canadian Archaeological Radiocarbon Database /CARD: ; Kelly et al, 2021; Palmisano et al, 2022) have made it possible to compile TFDs of dates for many regions of interest. The present study benefits from the availability of such radiocarbon databases, drawing on large samples of radiocarbon data from Alaska, Hokkaido, and the Kuril Archipelago.…”

Section: Tfd Generation: Methods and Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Paleodemography and Paleoecology of the North Pacific Rim from the Mid to Late Holocene

et al. 2022

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Using 14 proxy human population time series from around the North Pacific (Alaska, Hokkaido and the Kuril Islands), we evaluate the possibility that the North Pacific climate and marine ecosystem includes a millennial-scale regime shift cycle affecting subsistence and migration. We develop both visual and statistical methods for addressing questions about relative population growth and movement in the past. We introduce and explore the use of a Time Iterative Moran I (TIMI) spatial autocorrelation method to compare time series trends quantitatively – a method that could prove useful in other paleoecological analyses. Results reveal considerable population dynamism around the North Pacific in the last 5000 years and strengthen a previously reported inverse correlation between Northeast and Northwest Pacific proxy population indices. Visual and TIMI analyses suggest multiple, overlapping explanations for the variability, including the potential that oscillating ecological regime shifts affect the North Pacific basin. These results provide an opening for coordinated research to unpack the interrelated social, cultural and environmental dynamics around the subarctic and arctic North Pacific at different spatial and temporal scales by international teams of archaeologists, historians, paleoecologists, paleoceanographers, paleoclimatologists, modelers and data management specialists.

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Section: Tfd Generation: Methods and Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Paleodemography and Paleoecology of the North Pacific Rim from the Mid to Late Holocene

et al. 2022

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“… Transactional Databases of Archaeological Science Samples . There are several efforts underway to develop integrated and curated databases of archaeological science samples—for example, radiocarbon dates (Bird et al 2022; Gajewski et al 2011; Kelly et al 2022), tree-ring data (Grissino-Mayer and Frits 1997), obsidian sources (Acquafredda et al 2018; Jones et al 2019; Northwest Research Obsidian Studies Laboratory 2001), ceramics (Berlin 2020; Glascock 2001), and isotopes (Fernandes et al 2021; Plomp et al 2022). To be most effective, these need to be interoperable with repositories containing other data from associated archaeological contexts.…”

Section: Why Fair Practices Are Important In Archaeologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…al. 2011;Kelly et al 2022), tree-ring data (Grissino-Mayer and Frits 1997), obsidian sources(Acquafredda et al 2018;Jones et al 2019; Northwest Research Obsidian Studies Laboratory 2001), ceramics(Berlin 2020;Glascock 2001), and isotopes(Fernandes et al 2021;Plomp et al 2022). To be most effective, these need to be interoperable with repositories containing other data from associated archaeological contexts.…”

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confidence: 99%

Will It Ever Be FAIR?

Nicholson

Kansa

Gupta

et al. 2023

Adv. archaeol. pract.

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A fundamental task of archaeology is to address challenging scientific questions related to the complexity of human societies. If we are to systematically understand the processes that affect human societies on multiple spatial and temporal scales, research leveraging existing archaeological data is essential. However, only a fraction of the data from archaeological projects are publicly findable or accessible, let alone interoperable or reusable. This is the case despite statements of disciplinary ethics, availability of capable technologies for data stewardship, publications providing guidance, and legal mandates. This article introduces the FAIR principles for data stewardship in North American archaeology, which state that data should be Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. We call for efforts to promote widespread adoption of the FAIR and CARE (Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility, and Ethics) principles among professional organizations, publishers, data repositories, and researchers. We also call for adoption and implementation of requirements to adhere to these principles by governmental agencies, funding bodies, and other regulators of archaeological research. Ultimately, adoption of the FAIR principles in an ethical framework contributes to our understanding of our human experience and can lead to greater integration and reuse of research results, fostering increased partnerships between academia and industry.

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“…Radiocarbon dates are a good example. Several recent projects have shown that one can learn a tremendous amount regarding human demographic processes simply by compiling a very large number of independently dated events from known spatial locations using the “dates as data” approach pioneered by John Rick (Bird et al 2022; Kelly et al 2022; Rick 1987; Robinson et al 2019; Shennan et al 2013). Radiocarbon dates represent only a very small fraction of the total information collected by archaeologists through field and laboratory work, and they are conceptually quite simple, representing the measurement of a ratio of specific isotopes in an organic sample.…”

Section: Envisioning Data Integration In Crmmentioning

confidence: 99%

What North American Archaeology Needs to Take Advantage of the Digital Data Revolution

Ortman

Altschul²

2023

Adv. archaeol. pract.

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Today, there is a growing movement to use accumulated archaeological information to contribute to discussions of general issues facing human societies, including our own. In this regard, the archaeological record is most unique and helpful when viewed at broad comparative scales. Most relevant data for these sorts of analyses are collected through the cultural resource management (CRM) process. Still, by and large, interpretation remains limited to individual projects, and data integration across projects is nearly nonexistent. What would it take for CRM to achieve real data integration? In this article, we discuss these issues and suggest one potential solution. The most pressing need we identify is for data products that integrate the primary data emanating from CRM at broad spatial and temporal scales, which are suitable for research by archaeologists and other social scientists. We argue that the time is right for the discipline to invest in organizations that produce such products.

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A New Radiocarbon Database for the Lower 48 States

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Human Paleodemography and Paleoecology of the North Pacific Rim from the Mid to Late Holocene

Human Paleodemography and Paleoecology of the North Pacific Rim from the Mid to Late Holocene

Will It Ever Be FAIR?

What North American Archaeology Needs to Take Advantage of the Digital Data Revolution

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