A New Primary Lithium Battery with Fluorinated Ketjenblack Cathode

Abstract

Li/graphite fluoride (GFx) cells, with highest theoretical capacity in primary lithium batteries, high energy density, long shelf life, safety and a wide operating temperature, have been widely noticed during the past decades. However, the low electronic conductivity and discharge potential of Li/GFx cells obviously limited its applications. The key to improve the energy performance of Li/GFx cells is to increase the transportation ability of Li+ in cathode materials. Considering its high specific surface area, large bulk volume and layer spacing, Ketjenblack is used for preparing the cathode materials with highly stored energy. Based on gas-solid fluorination, we synthesized the fluorinated Ketjenblack (FKB). As the cathode materials of lithium batteries, electrochemical assay show that the lithium/FKB cells have a novel discharged voltage of 3V versus Li/Li+ electrode, and a special capacity near 800 mAh g-1. The lithium/FKB cells may be used for a new highly stored energy device.

Fluorinated Pyrocarbon Prepared from Ketjenblack for Primary Lithium Battery

“…With T g decreasing, the intensity of absorption at 1340 cm -1 is enhanced that indicates more inactive >CF 2 groups were formed. Meanwhile, the absorption band at 1219 cm -1 become widen, suggesting that weakened covalent C-F bonds exist in fluorinated sample [8].…”

“…In previous work, we successfully prepared fluorinated ketjenblack with larger surface area and layer spacing than traditional carbon fluorides, this material has a discharge potential of 3.0V versus Li/Li + [8]. In this paper, ketjenblack was calcined at high temperature and then fluorinated for testing the electrochemical behavior of pyrocarbon fluorides.…”

Fluorinated MWCNT Used for Cathode of Primary Lithium Battery

“…Fluorinated MWCNT(FMWCNT) was prepared using the same method of Lu's work [6]. Taking 0.5g MWCNT on nickel boat and Emplacing in the airtight nickel reactor with gas of NF 3 .…”

“…An efficient method is to increase the transportation ability of Li + in cathode materials. Some carbon materials, which have high specific surface area, large pore volume and high electronic conductivity, are used to substitute the nature graphite to prepare novel fluorinated carbon [4][5][6][7]. As one of the carbon allotropes, carbon nanotube (CNT), was discovered by Ijima [8] two decades ago and widely used as a conducting additive in energy storage [9,10], catalysis [11], reinforcement of polymer composites [12] and drug delivery [13].…”