A New Phospholipid, Malignolipin, in Human Malignant Tumors

Abstract

stimulation at a series of points along the floor of the hypothalamus and telencephalon. Twelve points were selected, in 12 different animals. After implantation and a 14-day recovery period, animals were trained to press a lever for chemical stimulation with iproniazid; in this case there was no prior training with electric stimulation.Whereas all animals with ventral hypothalamic pipettes showed a betterthan-chance tendency to press the bar for injection of the chemical, there was a distinct differentiation of rate of selfinjection, depending on placement of the pipette. Pipettes in the posterior hypothalamus gave higher rates of selfinjection than pipettes in the anterior hypothalamus. And high rates of self-injection were also obtained with pipettes in the dorsal preoptic region. These differences agree well with differences with respect to brain area in rate of self-stimulation obtained in earlier experiments with electric stimulation (5).When the injector was turned off, so that bar-pressing no longer produced self-injection, animals continued to press the bar for some time (see Fig. 1), as though no change had been made. This is probably attributable to the high level of the chemical in the brain at these points and to the gradual working down of residual stores in the pipette. Extinction does eventually result from termination of the flow, after a period of about 30 to 45 minutes. Also, when the animal is shifted from an extinction period to a new self-injection period, rate of responding quickly changes from chance levels to rates of about 300 an hour. Thus, it is the chemical reward which sustains the behavior. Injection of serotonin, by itself or immediately after injections of iproniazid, caused the animals to lie down. An animal lying down after injection of serotonin could be brought back to its feet by epinephrine. This, taken together with the tendency of some animals to press the bar for epinephrine, suggests that the exciting and rewarding effects of iproniazid are connected more with epinephrine than with serotonin.From the experiments on self-injection, three main results have been gained. Substantively, we have learned that iproniazid is an excitant of reward functions in this motivational system of the hypothalamus, and that quite probably it has this excitatory function in common with epinephrine. Methodologically, we have validated a technique of self-injection which can now be used to resolve further the problem of the excitatory and inhibitory chemistry of the motivational systems. Finally, from the stimulation at a series of points along the floor of the hypothalamus and telencephalon. Twelve points were selected, in 12 different animals. After implantation and a 14-day recovery period, animals were trained to press a lever for chemical stimulation with iproniazid; in this case there was no prior training with electric stimulation.Whereas all animals with ventral hypothalamic pipettes showed a betterthan-chance tendency to press the bar for injection of the chemical, there was a distinc...

New chemistry of naturally occurring polyamines

“…Quick et al prepared bis(tert-butoxycarbonyl)spermidine (26), 58 which proved instrumental in the first total synthesis of codonocarpine.55 Finally Bergeron et al59 have described monobenzylspermidine (27) as a useful precursor for manmade siderophores and other structures in which the different primary amine groups of 27 need not be distinguished. The Chemical Problem-Selectivity Considerations Our own interest in polyamine chemistry originated with the macrocyclic spermidine alkaloids60 celacinnine (32), celabenzine (33), and celafurine (34), whose synthesis appeared to pose a critical test for new lactamization methods.61 A straightforward, unambiguous preparation of acyclic triamino carboxylate salt 30 was accomplished as shown in Scheme II.…”

On the Nature of Cancer, An Analysis from Concepts in Current Research

“…Abnormally high amounts o f mucoproteins have also been reported in the blood o f cancer patients or in the perineoplastic tissues, but similar substances also occur in rheumatic disorders and tuberculosis. An increased amount of a specific lipid called malignolipin, has been found in samples of human tumor but these reports by K osaki et al [19] have not been generally confirmed.…”

Fifty Years of Medical Genetics

“…A similar genetic failure to degrade one of the gangliosides leads to the storage of this lipid in the ganglion cells, with the resulting syndrome of infantile amaurotic idiocy C5). The recent discovery of a new phospholipid, malignolipin, found only in malignant tumors and never in normal tissues, may, if confirmed, eventually place cancer in this category (6).…”