A new phenomenon: “sleep lines” on the face

Sarifakioglu, Nedim; Terzioğlu, Ahmet; Ates, Levent; Aslan, Gürcan

doi:10.1080/02844310410027257

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, sun-exposure is not the only factor that influences the development of skin wrinkles. For example, repeated skin contouring caused by forces external to the skin [21], [22] and by muscle contractions [23] have also been implicated in the development of skin wrinkles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Some Women Look Young for Their Age

et al. 2009

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The desire of many to look young for their age has led to the establishment of a large cosmetics industry. However, the features of appearance that primarily determine how old women look for their age and whether genetic or environmental factors predominately influence such features are largely unknown. We studied the facial appearance of 102 pairs of female Danish twins aged 59 to 81 as well as 162 British females aged 45 to 75. Skin wrinkling, hair graying and lip height were significantly and independently associated with how old the women looked for their age. The appearance of facial sun-damage was also found to be significantly correlated to how old women look for their age and was primarily due to its commonality with the appearance of skin wrinkles. There was also considerable variation in the perceived age data that was unaccounted for. Composite facial images created from women who looked young or old for their age indicated that the structure of subcutaneous tissue was partly responsible. Heritability analyses of the appearance features revealed that perceived age, pigmented age spots, skin wrinkles and the appearance of sun-damage were influenced more or less equally by genetic and environmental factors. Hair graying, recession of hair from the forehead and lip height were influenced mainly by genetic factors whereas environmental factors influenced hair thinning. These findings indicate that women who look young for their age have large lips, avoid sun-exposure and possess genetic factors that protect against the development of gray hair and skin wrinkles. The findings also demonstrate that perceived age is a better biomarker of skin, hair and facial aging than chronological age.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Some Women Look Young for Their Age

et al. 2009

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“…Mechanical factors such as iterative facial movements21 and the favoured sleeping position22 have also been implicated in the extent and type of wrinkling. We will henceforth refer to all these changes as cutaneous ageing, although there are multiple aetiological factors as well as chronology.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The determinants of periorbital skin ageing in participants of a melanoma case–control study in the U.K.

Suppa

Elliott

Mikeljevic

et al. 2011

British Journal of Dermatology

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BackgroundSkin ageing is said to be caused by multiple factors. The relationship with sun exposure is of particular interest because the detrimental cutaneous effects of the sun may be a strong motivator to sun protection. We report a study of skin ageing in participants of an epidemiological study of melanoma.ObjectivesTo determine the predictors of periorbital cutaneous ageing and whether it could be used as an objective marker of sun exposure.MethodsPhotographs of the periorbital skin in 1341 participants were graded for wrinkles, degree of vascularity and blotchy pigmentation and the resultant data assessed in relation to reported sun exposure, sunscreen use, body mass index (BMI), smoking and the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene status. Data were analysed using proportional odds regression.ResultsWrinkling was associated with age and heavy smoking. Use of higher sun-protection factor sunscreen was protective (P=0·01). Age, male sex, MC1R variants (‘r’, P=0·01; ‘R’, P=0·02), higher reported daily sun exposure (P=0·02), increased BMI (P=0·01) and smoking (P=0·02) were risk factors for hypervascularity. Blotchy pigmentation was associated with age, male sex, higher education and higher weekday sun exposure (P=0·03). More frequent sunscreen use (P=0·02) and MC1R variants (‘r’, P=0·03; ‘R’, P=0·001) were protective.ConclusionsPeriorbital wrinkling is a poor biomarker of reported sun exposure. Vascularity is a better biomarker as is blotchy pigmentation, the latter in darker-skinned individuals. In summary, male sex, sun exposure, smoking, obesity and MC1R variants were associated with measures of cutaneous ageing. Sunscreen use showed some evidence of being protective.

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“…Stegman also noticed that sleeping wrinkles are different than wrinkles caused by sun damage, due to smoking, frowning or laughing, since they are caused by specific sleeping behaviour and become deepened over time if sleeping patterns do not change. His theory was later confirmed by Fulton and Gaminchi [15] and Sarifakioğlu et al [9]. According to Hillebrand et al, age at onset and rate of persistent facial wrinkles depend on both, the cumulative amount of mechanical stress (frequency of temporary wrinkles) and reduced skin elasticity due to cumulative harmful environmental influences, such as sun exposure [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Sleep lines are caused by repetitive and constant pressure of the face on a pillow during sleeping and body position importantly contributes to their formation [9]. People sleep approximately eight hours per day and when sleeping on one side of the body (or on the stomach), temporary sleeping lines become permanent after some time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleeping on an Anti-Wrinkle Pillow Reduces Facial Wrinkles: Results from an Anatomical Study

Poljšak¹,

Godić²,

Fink³

et al. 2015

FMAR

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Background: A special pillow was designed to redistribute mechanical stress during sleeping in order to slow down the formation of facial skin wrinkles. Objective: To investigate whether sleeping on a specially designed pillow reduces facial skin wrinkles. Participants and Methods: A 28-day pilot study was carried out in which fifteen healthy female volunteers aged 23 -55 years (mean age 35. 6 ± 8.5) slept on an antiwrinkle pillow. Evaluation of facial wrinkles was conducted before commencing the study (T0), following at 14 days (T14), and at 28 days (T28) when the study ended. Wrinkle density was assessed by computerized analysis of 2D images of participants' faces. Results: A statistically significant decrease in wrinkle density was detected while smiling around both eyes, around the right eye in a relaxed facial expression, on average in all observed facial areas, around the left periorbital area in participants who predominantly slept on their left side of the body, but not on the frontal area. Limitations: A 3D camera could be used to better visualize and analyze wrinkle density. Conclusions: Sleeping on the specially designed pillow reduces facial wrinkles.

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A new phenomenon: “sleep lines” on the face

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

Why Some Women Look Young for Their Age

Why Some Women Look Young for Their Age

The determinants of periorbital skin ageing in participants of a melanoma case–control study in the U.K.

Sleeping on an Anti-Wrinkle Pillow Reduces Facial Wrinkles: Results from an Anatomical Study

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