A new peculiar species of the subterranean rodent Ctenomys (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae) from the Holocene of central Argentina

Santi, Nahuel A. De; Verzi, Diego H.; Olivares, A. Itatí; Piñero, Pedro; Morgan, Cecilia C.; Medina, Matías E.; Rivero, Diego; Tonni, Eduardo Pedro

doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2020.102499

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…On this regard, the combination of dry and semi-arid conditions, in conjunction with four centuries of agropastoralism land management through fires to clear P. australis woodlands and induce grass regrowth, has produced significantly soil erosion and the increase of bare rock surfaces, especially in the steep slope areas. The loss of soil probably caused the extinction of C. viarapaensis, mainly when it was a rodent strongly adapted for digging (De Santi et al 2020). Several studies report the aggressive effect of the traditional method of livestock production on soil, whose advance leaves behind exposed bedrock areas (Renison et al 2010;Cingolani et al 2013;Barros et al 2014;Alinari et al 2015;Chartier et al 2016;Argibay & Renison 2018;Giorgis et al 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fossil record of Ctenomys evidences extinctions on the late Pliocene-middle Pleistocene (Verzi 2008;De Santi et al 2020). Conversely, Ctenomys remains from Late Pleistocene-Holocene correspond to extant species (see De Santi et al 2020). In this context, C. viarapaensis is the first record of an extinct species of Ctenomys in the Holocene (De Santi et al 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Post-cranial skeletal elements were also abundant in Quebrada del Real 1, but not taken into account in this study (see Medina et al 2011;. Taxonomic identifications used here were originally reported in De Santi et al (2020), where the specimens were compared with 65 living species using a Geometric Morphometric approach and a combined phylogenetic analysis. The taphonomic history of the assemblage, the soil degradation data of the upper mountain grassland range and the location of modern Ctenomys populations were also taken from the literature (Polop 1989;Contreras 1995;Priotto et al 1996;Morando & Polop 1997;Carignano 1999;Cioccale 1999;Altrichter et al 2004;Barquez et al 2006;Pastor 2007…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Archaeofaunal remains are also critical for biological disciplines as they include components of the past biota that coexisted in a short-term interval, which in many cases is reliably constrained. That means the skeletal remains assigned at species-level can be considered to belong to the same population (Tonni 1984;Lyman & Cannon 2004;Wolverton & Lyman 2012; Gifford-Gonz alez 2018; De Santi et al 2020). The archaeofaunal remains are useful for generating and/or checking hypotheses related to recent past distribution of species, as well as how human influenced it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fossorial rodents and applied zooarchaeology to ecosystem conservation in Sierras of Córdoba, Argentina

et al. 2020

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This paper presents the zooarchaeological research carried out on Ctenomys (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae) bone remains recovered at Quebrada del Real 1 (ca. 7400–360 years BP), an archaeological site located in the Sierras of Córdoba upper mountain grassland range of Argentina. Here, we focus on the importance of Ctenomys implications to wild‐life management and conservation biology rather than its classical archaeological view as a subsistence resource. The primary aim was to provide critical information about the recent past biogeography of Ctenomys that may not be evident from modern fauna surveys. From the description of a highly specialised fossorial rodent extinct at the end of the Holocene, the study points out the extreme fragility of the Sierras of Córdoba high mountain environments under climate change and anthropogenic threat, drawing on data that are relevant to those who make decisions and write guidelines for wild‐life management. The analysis of the Ctenomys assemblage from Quebrada del Real 1 revealed information related to the management, conservation and restoration of the mountain top environments that cannot be ignored by conservation biologists and wild‐life managers, moreover when the causes that lead to the extinction of C. viarapaensis are the same ones affecting to modern plant and animal communities. The zooarchaeological record reflects past conditions to assess preindustrial ecological states of the upper mountain grassland range that otherwise would have never been known as a baseline for environmental management. Thus, applied zooarchaeology to conservation biology requires further exploration at Sierras of Córdoba in order to produce accurate knowledge about the high‐altitude ecosystems function, fragility and biodiversity loss, which is necessary to understand the present and improve the future of three million people who depend on the ecological services from these environments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fossorial rodents and applied zooarchaeology to ecosystem conservation in Sierras of Córdoba, Argentina

et al. 2020

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“…In such a still largely inconclusive scenario, however, major systematic and phylogenetic knowledge has been generated in just over two decades (e.g., Lessa and Cook 1998;D'Elía et al 1999;Mascheretti et al 2000;Slamovits et al 2001;Castillo et al 2005;Parada et al 2011;Gardner et al 2014;Bidau 2015;Freitas 2016Freitas , 2021Caraballo and Rossi 2018;Fornel et al 2018;Leipnitz et al 2020;Teta and D'Elía 2020;D'Elía et al 2021;De Santi et al 2021). One of the most significant advances is the recognition of informal groups of species based on increasingly well-supported clades (Parada et al 2011;Freitas et al 2012;Gardner et al 2014;Caraballo and Rossi 2018;Londoño-Gaviria et al 2018;Leipnitz et al 2020;De Santi et al 2020, 2021Carnovale et al 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new species of the highly polytypic South American rodent Ctenomys increases the diversity of the magellanicus clade

Verzi

Santi

Olivares

et al. 2023

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The subterranean rodent Ctenomys is the most polytypic South American mammal genus and one of the most speciose and rapidly diversifying mammal genera in the world. Its systematics is unstable due to the underlying accelerated diversification processes that give rise to evolutionary lineages at different stages of differentiation and to remarkable morphological homogeneity even among long-differentiated species. As a result, species boundaries are often difficult to define. Diversity of this genus in the coastal area of central Argentina has been extensively studied, with two independent lineages currently recognized while a distinct third population had not been previously detected. Through a phylogenetic analysis based on combined morphological and molecular evidence, Bayesian estimates of divergence times, and morphometric and morphological assessments, we recognize this third population as an independently evolving lineage. The new species, Ctenomys pulcersp. nov., is here described for both the living fauna and the fossil record of the Pampean region of central Argentina. According to phylogenetic results, Ctenomys pulcersp. nov. belongs to the essentially Patagonian magellanicus clade, and would have diverged from its sister species, Ctenomys bidaui, during the middle Pleistocene (ca. 0.4 Ma). Its current distribution in the fixed and semifixed dunes of the coastal Pampean region is assumed to represent a relict of a wider and continuous distribution of potentially suitable environments during the late Pleistocene. Ctenomys pulcersp. nov. occurs in a particularly fragile natural system subjected to profound disturbances caused by diverse anthropic actions and therefore measures for the conservation of its habitat will be indispensable.

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The History of Ctenomys in the Fossil Record: A Young Radiation of an Ancient Family

et al. 2021

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A new peculiar species of the subterranean rodent Ctenomys (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae) from the Holocene of central Argentina

Cited by 14 publications

References 43 publications

Fossorial rodents and applied zooarchaeology to ecosystem conservation in Sierras of Córdoba, Argentina

Fossorial rodents and applied zooarchaeology to ecosystem conservation in Sierras of Córdoba, Argentina

A new species of the highly polytypic South American rodent Ctenomys increases the diversity of the magellanicus clade

The History of Ctenomys in the Fossil Record: A Young Radiation of an Ancient Family

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