Abstract-Due to its extensive use for motion control systems in industry, tuning of the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller parameters has been the focus of intensive research. In this paper, a novel tuning method for the parameters of PID controller based speed control of DC motor using genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed. The main advantage of the proposed method is that the mathematical model of the system under control is not required, so it is useful in many industrial processes that have no obvious or complicated model.
I. INTRODUCTIONHigh performance electrical motor drives are very important in industrial as well as other purpose applications. In general, a better performance of an electrical motor drive system has a better dynamic response. Among all motors, DC motors have been widely used in many adjustable speed drive applications that need high control requirements such as electric vehicles, steel rolling mills, electric cranes, high precision digital tools, and robotics. This is due to their simple, precise, wide range control characteristics. Speed of the DC motors is directly proportional to the armature voltage and inversely to the magnetic field flux. Controlling the armature voltage and/or the field current will adjust the DC motor speed.One of the most popular controllers has been used for speed control of the DC motors is the PID controller due to its simple structure, and good performance. In addition, with technology advancements, PID controller parameters can be easily changed without changing any hardware. However, the performance of the PID controller depends on the accuracy of the system model and parameters. In practice, the controlled systems are usually nonlinear and hence their accurate mathematical models are not available. In addition, the system parameters can vary with the time and the operating conditions. Therefore, the tuning methods of the controller parameters are of great importance. Tuning of the PID