The genus Encarsiella (syn.n.) (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Aphelinidae) is synonymized with Encarsia on the basis of molecular and morphological characters. A phylogenetic analysis was conducted of the D2 expansion region of the 28S ribosomal DNA including thirty‐eight Encarsia species. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed a polyphyletic origin of Encarsiella and confirmed the results of earlier analyses indicating the paraphyly of Encarsia. Four species are described as new (Encarsia bifasciata sp.n., E. caelata sp.n., E. obliqua sp.n. and E. pilosa sp.n.). The following species are transferred from Encarsiella to Encarsia: Encarsia aleurodici (Girault, 1916) comb.n., E. amabilis (Huang & Polaszek, 1998) comb.n., E. boswelli (Girault, 1915) comb.n., E. magniclava (Girault, 1915) comb.n., E. narroi Gómez & García comb.n., E. nepalensis (Polaszek & Hayat, 1992) comb.n., E. noyesi (Hayat, 1983) comb.n., E. pithecura (Polaszek, 1999) comb.n., E. tachii (Polaszek & Hayat, 1992) comb.n., E. taiwanensis (Chou & Chou, 1994) comb.n. and E. tamaulipeca (Myartseva & Coronado‐Blanco, 2002) comb.n. The generic limits of Encarsia are re‐defined based on a re‐assessment of morphological characters, and the results are discussed with respect to the current classification of the aphelinid subfamily Coccophaginae.