A New Paradigm for Tissue Diagnostics: Tools and Techniques to Standardize Tissue Collection, Transport, and Fixation

Abstract

Purpose of ReviewStudying and developing preanalytical tools and technologies for the purpose of obtaining high-quality samples for histological assays is a growing field. Currently, there does not exist a standard practice for collecting, fixing, and monitoring these precious samples. There has been some advancement in standardizing collection for the highest profile tumor types, such as breast, where HER2 testing drives therapeutic decisions. This review examines the area of tissue collection, transport, and monitoring of formalin diffusion and details a prototype system that could be used to help standardize tissue collection efforts.Recent FindingsWe have surveyed recent primary literature sources and conducted several site visits to understand the most error-prone processes in histology laboratories. This effort identified errors that resulted from sample collection techniques and subsequent transport delays from the operating room (OR) to the histology laboratories. We have therefore devised a prototype sample collection and transport concept. The system consists of a custom data logger and cold transport box and takes advantage of a novel cold + warm (named 2 + 2) fixation method.SummaryThis review highlights the beneficial aspects of standardizing tissue collection, fixation, and monitoring. In addition, a prototype system is introduced that could help standardize these processes and is compatible with use directly in the OR and from remote sites.

Construction of hematoxylin–eosin, immunohistochemistry, and EBER-ISH methodology after trichloroisocyanuric acid treatment in melanin-containing tissues

“…(2) 0.5% Potassium permanganate–2% oxalic acid melanin removal method: the sections were incubated with 0.5% potassium permanganate for 15 min, washed under running water, incubated with 2% oxalic acid for 1–2 min, and observed under the microscope. (3) Hydrogen peroxide melanin removal method: The sections were incubated with 10% hydrogen peroxide solution for 15 min to 72 h, observed under the microscope, and washed under running water (4) The quality problem of HE morphology is often related to pretreatment, and the oxidant is also an important factor 6 . Bleaching with strong oxidants may lead to the changes in intracellular and extracellular isoelectric points 7 .…”

Patoloji̇ Laboratuvarinda Makroskopi̇ Tekni̇keri̇ni̇n Rolü

“…Patoloji laboratuvar çalışmaları için örnek güvenliğini fiziki ve enformatik güvenliğin yanı sıra, analiz sürecini olumsuz etkileyecek iş ve işlemlere karşı örneği güvenceye almayı, bir bakıma test güvenliğini de kapsayacak şekilde yorumlamak daha uygun bir yaklaşım olacaktır. Bu nedenle örneğin patoloji laboratuvarına kabulü ile başlayan tüm süreçleri optimize etmek ve yürütmek, yalnızca histomorfolojik değerlendirme için değil immünohistokimya dâhil olmak üzere moleküler testlerin analizi için de bir zorunluluktur (22,23,24).…”

Digital transformation of the pathological service as a way to improve the quality of medical care.

“…В статье Bauer R. D. и соавт. предлагается создание и использование стандартизированных подходов к выполнение данного этапа [37]. Фиксация материала осуществляется 2+2 протоколом, который предполагает 2 часа нахождения образцов в 10%-ном нейтральном буферном растворе формалина, охлажденном до 4 °C, а затем -2 часа в таком же растворе с температурой 45 °C.…”