A New Nano Adjuvant of PF3 Used for an Enhanced Hepatitis B Vaccine

Shan, Pu; Wang, Zhibiao; Li, Jilai; Wei, Duoqian; Zhang, Zhuan; Hao, Shaojie; Hou, Yuliang; Wang, Yunyang; Li, Shuxiang; Wang, Xudong; Xu, Jing

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2022.903424

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…The development of new TB vaccines progresses alongside novel adjuvant research. Nano-adjuvants, such as the ginsenosides and oil-in-water nanoemulsions in the hepatitis B vaccine, display stronger humoral and cellular immune-inducing effects compared to traditional aluminum salt adjuvants [ 92 ]. Moreover, the Mg/Al-LDH adjuvant, synthesized from layered double hydroxide (LDH) and Mg/Al for the pertussis vaccine, elicits a milder inflammatory response at the injection site than that of aluminum hydroxide (AH) while demonstrating a superior safety profile [ 93 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing TB Vaccine Efficacy: Current Progress on Vaccines, Adjuvants and Immunization Strategies

Wang,

Fang

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global infectious disease primarily transmitted via respiratory tract infection. Presently, vaccination stands as the primary method for TB prevention, predominantly reliant on the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine. Although it is effective in preventing disseminated diseases in children, its impact on adults is limited. To broaden vaccine protection, efforts are underway to accelerate the development of new TB vaccines. However, challenges arise due to the limited immunogenicity and safety of these vaccines, necessitating adjuvants to bolster their ability to elicit a robust immune response for improved and safer immunization. These adjuvants function by augmenting cellular and humoral immunity against M. tuberculosis antigens via different delivery systems, ultimately enhancing vaccine efficacy. Therefore, this paper reviews and summarizes the current research progress on M. tuberculosis vaccines and their associated adjuvants, aiming to provide a valuable reference for the development of novel TB vaccines and the screening of adjuvants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing TB Vaccine Efficacy: Current Progress on Vaccines, Adjuvants and Immunization Strategies

Wang,

Fang

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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“…In contrast to HBsAg-NE, which induced the production of IgG2b (and some IgG2a) antibodies mainly associated with T-helper cell 1 (Th1) immune reactions, the aluminum-formulated vaccine induced a greater production of IgG1-class antibodies, which correlate with Th2 immune responses. However, both vaccines yielded comparable levels of Anti-HBsAg IgG production [ 58 ], and nano-adjuvants can produce a more balanced Th1/Th2 reaction to compensate the weak Th1 reaction of aluminum hydroxide adjuvants [ 59 ].…”

Section: Hepatitis B Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

HBV Vaccines: Advances and Development

Mahmood,

Xu,

Awan

et al. 2023

Vaccines

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health problem that is closely related to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The prevalence of acute and chronic HBV infection, liver cirrhosis, and HCC has significantly decreased as a result of the introduction of universal HBV vaccination programs. The first hepatitis B vaccine approved was developed by purifying the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from the plasma of asymptomatic HBsAg carriers. Subsequently, recombinant DNA technology led to the development of the recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. Although there are already several licensed vaccines available for HBV infection, continuous research is essential to develop even more effective vaccines. Prophylactic hepatitis B vaccination has been important in the prevention of hepatitis B because it has effectively produced protective immunity against hepatitis B viral infection. Prophylactic vaccines only need to provoke neutralizing antibodies directed against the HBV envelop proteins, whereas therapeutic vaccines are most likely needed to induce a comprehensive T cell response and thus, should include other HBV antigens, such as HBV core and polymerase. The existing vaccines have proven to be highly effective in preventing HBV infection, but ongoing research aims to improve their efficacy, duration of protection, and accessibility. The routine administration of the HBV vaccine is safe and well-tolerated worldwide. The purpose of this type of immunization is to trigger an immunological response in the host, which will halt HBV replication. The clinical efficacy and safety of the HBV vaccine are affected by a number of immunological and clinical factors. However, this success is now in jeopardy due to the breakthrough infections caused by HBV variants with mutations in the S gene, high viral loads, and virus-induced immunosuppression. In this review, we describe various types of available HBV vaccines, along with the recent progress in the ongoing battle to develop new vaccines against HBV.

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“…Therefore, novel adjuvants which increase not only humoral but also cellular immune responses are needed. For example, Pu Shan and coworkers developed a saponinbased nano-adjuvant which induced stronger humoral and cellular immune responses than aluminum-based adjuvants in a murine hepatitis model [61]. Further, Qiao et al generated nano-vaccines composed of chitosan plus heparin that encapsulated the HBV surface and core antigen, respectively, and contained immunostimulatory CpG oligo in addition [62].…”

Section: Viral Hepatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Liver Cell Type-Specific Targeting by Nanoformulations for Therapeutic Applications

Kaps,

Limeres,

Schneider

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Hepatocytes exert pivotal roles in metabolism, protein synthesis and detoxification. Non-parenchymal liver cells (NPCs), largely comprising macrophages, dendritic cells, hepatic stellate cells and liver sinusoidal cells (LSECs), serve to induce immunological tolerance. Therefore, the liver is an important target for therapeutic approaches, in case of both (inflammatory) metabolic diseases and immunological disorders. This review aims to summarize current preclinical nanodrug-based approaches for the treatment of liver disorders. So far, nano-vaccines that aim to induce hepatitis virus-specific immune responses and nanoformulated adjuvants to overcome the default tolerogenic state of liver NPCs for the treatment of chronic hepatitis have been tested. Moreover, liver cancer may be treated using nanodrugs which specifically target and kill tumor cells. Alternatively, nanodrugs may target and reprogram or deplete immunosuppressive cells of the tumor microenvironment, such as tumor-associated macrophages. Here, combination therapies have been demonstrated to yield synergistic effects. In the case of autoimmune hepatitis and other inflammatory liver diseases, anti-inflammatory agents can be encapsulated into nanoparticles to dampen inflammatory processes specifically in the liver. Finally, the tolerance-promoting activity especially of LSECs has been exploited to induce antigen-specific tolerance for the treatment of allergic and autoimmune diseases.

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A New Nano Adjuvant of PF3 Used for an Enhanced Hepatitis B Vaccine

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Enhancing TB Vaccine Efficacy: Current Progress on Vaccines, Adjuvants and Immunization Strategies

Enhancing TB Vaccine Efficacy: Current Progress on Vaccines, Adjuvants and Immunization Strategies

HBV Vaccines: Advances and Development

Liver Cell Type-Specific Targeting by Nanoformulations for Therapeutic Applications

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