A new molecular form of PYY: Structural characterization of human PYY(3–36) and PYY(1–36)

Eberlein, Gert; Eysselein, Viktor E.; Schaeffer, Matthias; Layer, Peter; Grandt, Daniel; Goebell, H.; Niebel, W.; Davis, Michael T.; Lee, Terry D.; Shively, John E.; Reeve, Joseph R.

doi:10.1016/0196-9781(89)90116-2

Cited by 132 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Once PYY is released into the circulation, the first two amino acids are rapidly cleaved by dipeptidyl peptidase IV, resulting in PYY 3-36 (Eberlein et al, 1989). This truncated peptide has a high affinity for the Y2 receptor and has anorexigenic potency in both rats and humans (Larhammar, 1996;Batterham et al, 2002;Chelikani et al, 2005a;Batterham et al, 2006;Chelikani et al, 2006), whilst PYY 1-36 has a higher affinity for the Y1 and Y5 receptors and is orexigenic if injected into the brain.…”

Section: Lower Gut: the Ileal Brake Hormones Glp-1 And Pyymentioning

confidence: 99%

The vagus nerve, food intake and obesity

Berthoud

2008

Regulatory Peptides

264

199

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Food interacts with sensors all along the alimentary canal to provide the brain with information regarding its composition, energy content, and beneficial effect. Vagal afferents innervating the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, and liver provide a rapid and discrete account of digestible food in the alimentary canal, as well as circulating and stored fuels, while vagal efferents together with the sympathetic nervous system and hormonal mechanisms codetermine the rate of nutrient absorption, partitioning, storage, and mobilization. Although vagal sensory mechanisms play a crucial role in the neural mechanism of satiation, there is little evidence suggesting a significant role in long-term energy homeostasis. However, increasing recognition of vagal involvement in the putative mechanisms making bariatric surgeries the most effective treatment for obesity should greatly stimulate future research to uncover the many details regarding the specific transduction mechanisms in the periphery and the inter-and intra-neuronal signaling cascades disseminating vagal information across the neuraxis.

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Section: Lower Gut: the Ileal Brake Hormones Glp-1 And Pyymentioning

confidence: 99%

The vagus nerve, food intake and obesity

Berthoud

2008

Regulatory Peptides

264

199

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“…PYY3-36 is a major circulatory derivative of peptide YY (PYY) (Eberlein et al, 1989), a gastrointestinal-derived hormone released from intestinal L-cells after meals in proportion to caloric intake (Tatemoto and Mutt, 1980;Murphy et al, 2006). PYY3-36 has high affinity for neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y2 receptors and lower affinity for Y1 and Y5 NPY receptors (Grandt et al, 1992;Ballantyne, 2006); NPY is a hypothalamic peptide that increases food intake after hypothalamic or ventricular injections (Leibowitz, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peptide YY3-36 Decreases Reinstatement of High-Fat Food Seeking during Dieting in a Rat Relapse Model

Ghitza¹,

Nair²,

Golden³

et al. 2007

J. Neurosci.

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A major problem in treating obesity is high rates of relapse to maladaptive food-taking habits during dieting. This relapse is often provoked by acute re-exposure to palatable food, food-associated cues, or stress. We used a reinstatement model, commonly used to study relapse to abused drugs, to explore the effect of peptide YY3-36 (PYY3-36) on reinstatement of high-fat (35%, 45 mg pellets) food seeking induced by acute exposure to the pellets (pellet priming), a cue previously associated with pellet delivery (pellet cue), or yohimbine (2 mg/kg, a pharmacological stressor). Rats were placed on a restricted diet (16 g of chow per day) and lever-pressed for the pellets for 9 -12 sessions (6 h/d, every 48 h); pellet delivery was paired with a tone-light cue. They were then given 10 -20 extinction sessions wherein lever presses were not reinforced with the pellets and subsequently tested for reinstatement of food seeking. Finally, systemic PYY3-36 injections had minimal effects on ongoing food self-administration or heroin priming-or heroin cue-induced reinstatement of heroin seeking. These data identify an effect of systemic PYY3-36 on relapse to food seeking that is independent of Y2 receptor activation in Arc and suggest that PYY3-36 should be considered for the treatment of relapse to maladaptive food-taking habits during dieting.

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] As a selective Y2 receptor agonist, PYY influences the hypothalamus, including the melanocortin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) systems of the arcuate nucleus, in its regulation of appetite. [7][8][9][10][11] Intraperitoneal administration of PYY (single dose 0.3 mg/100 g body weight) has been shown in 24-h fasted rats to produce plasma concentrations of PYY within the range of normal postprandial concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower mean weight after 14 days intravenous administration peptide YY3–36 (PYY3–36) in rabbits

et al. 2005

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Objective: Endogenous peptide YY ) is associated with postprandial regulation of appetite. We investigated the safety and effectiveness of peripherally administered synthetic human PYY 3-36 for 14 days in New Zealand white rabbits. Weight gain and food consumption were assessed and pharmacokinetics and toxicity characterized. Research methods and procedures: In all, 24 animals were randomized to one of four intravenous treatment groups -control (0.9% saline) or PYY 3-36 bolus at 4.1, 41.0, or 205 mg/kg/day. Body weight and consumption of fixed food allotment were measured daily. Hematology and serum chemistries were profiled at baseline and Day 15, and pharmacokinetics measured following dose 14. Histopathologic examination of designated tissues and organs in control and PYY 3-36 205 mg/kg animals was conducted. All animals were subject to clinical and macroscopic observation. Results: The trend effect of higher dose PYY 3-36 on lower average weight was significant (P ¼ 0.01; Day 14 compared to baseline) and its effect on reduced food consumption was suggested (P ¼ 0.065; number of days p75% food eaten, compared with control). Hematology and clinical chemistries were within normal limits pretest and at Day 15. No clinical, macroscopic, histologic, or microscopic changes related to the test article were observed over the course of study. Discussion: Lower average weight occurs in rabbits treated once daily with intravenous injection PYY 3-36 (205 mg/kg/day) over 14 days. No clinical or histologic signs of toxicity were observed. Further research is warranted to describe alternate routes of peripheral administration for optimizing weight control.

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A new molecular form of PYY: Structural characterization of human PYY(3–36) and PYY(1–36)

Cited by 132 publications

References 23 publications

The vagus nerve, food intake and obesity

The vagus nerve, food intake and obesity

Peptide YY3-36 Decreases Reinstatement of High-Fat Food Seeking during Dieting in a Rat Relapse Model

Lower mean weight after 14 days intravenous administration peptide YY3–36 (PYY3–36) in rabbits

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