A new modified low-energy emulsification method for preparation of water-in-diesel fuel nanoemulsion as alternative fuel

El‐Din, M. R. Noor; Mishrif, Marwa R.; Morsi, Rania E.; El-Sharaky, E. A.; Haseeb, M. E.; Ghanem, Rania T. M.

doi:10.1080/01932691.2016.1160324

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…To determine the optimum HLB TS used during this research, five emulsions consists of 80 Wt.% of castor oil and surfactant concentration of 20 Wt.% having different HLB TS values of 10, 9.5, 9, 8.5 and 8 were used to optimize the stability of the MWF formulation. The mixing ratios of (T) and (S) were adjusted to satisfy the proper HLB values for optimum emulsification conditions (Noor El-Din et al, 2017b). The mixed HLB TS values were calculated by the following equation:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where; HLB T , HLB S and HLB TS are the HLB values of T (10.5), S8 (3.7) and the mixed surfactants (TS) and (T)% and Figure 1 Schematic diagram for the rotary pin on disc tribometer (S)% are the mass percentages of T and S in the mixed surfactants, respectively (Noor El-Din et al, 2017b). The cutting oil composition composed of emulsifiers package and base oil (castor oil), without any additives as corrosion inhibitors, lubricating oil and biocide, was used to determine the stability of the prepared emulsions visually using different HLB value.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, lowering of cutting oil package (lowest emulsifier concentration) causes the castor oil droplet size to depress and the surfactant film intensity around the oil droplet to increase. Therefore, increase in the surfactants film intensity prevents the water droplet from aggregation (Noor El-Din et al, 2017b). Although the minimum castor oil droplet size (P Z ) (r = 189.0 nm) and the lowest corrosion inhibitor was obtained in case of using E3, yet the maximum emulsification efficiency (111ve) of the used MWFs was gained by E1 as shown in Table VI and Figure 4 (a)-(c).…”

Section: Corrosion Inhibitormentioning

confidence: 92%

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Studying the lubricity of new eco-friendly cutting oil formulation in metal working fluid

El‐Din

Mishrif

Kailas

et al. 2018

ILT

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Purpose This paper aims to formulate a new metal working fluid (MWF) composition including some eco-friendly emulsifiers, corrosion inhibitor, biocide, and non- edible vegetable oil (castor oil) as the base oil. To achieve this aim, five MWFs with different hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) value as 10, 9.5, 9, 8.5 and 8 were prepared to identify the optimum HLB value that gives a highly stable oil-in-water emulsion. The performance of castor oil based MWF was evaluated using tool chip tribometer and drill dynamometer. The surface morphology of steel disc and friction pin was performed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and 3D profilometer. The results revealed that the use of the prepared cutting fluid (E1) caused the cutting force to decrease from 500 N for dry high-speed steel sample to 280N, while the same value for a commercial cutting fluid (COM) was recorded as 340 N at drilling speed and cutting feed force as 1120 rpm and 4 mm/min., respectively. Design/methodology/approach A castor oil-based metalworking fluid was prepared using nonionic surfactants. The composition of the metalworking fluid was further optimized by adding performance-enhancing additives. The performance of castor oil based MWF was analyzed using Tool chip tribometer and Drill dynamometer. The surface morphology of steel ball and a disc was done using 3D profilometer and SEM. Findings Studies revealed that castor oil-based MWF having Monoethanolamine (MEA) as corrosion inhibitor was found to be highly stable. The drilling dynamometer and tool chip tribometer studies showed that castor oil-based MWF performance was comparable to that of commercial MWF. Research limitations/implications This study aims to explore the performance of the castor oil based metalworking fluid (MWF) using tool chip tribometer and drill dynamometer. Practical implications The conventional MWFs are petroleum derives and are unsustainable. Use of non-edible plant-based oils for preparing the MWF will not only be conserved environment but also add value addition to agricultural crops. Social implications The social Implications is aiming to decrease the environmental impact that results from the using of mineral cutting fluids. Originality/value The originality of this work is to replace the mineral oil and synthetic oil based cutting fluids with more eco-friendly alternatives one. In addition, the investigation will focus on developing functional additives required for cutting fluids which are environmentally benign.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Corrosion Inhibitormentioning

confidence: 92%

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Studying the lubricity of new eco-friendly cutting oil formulation in metal working fluid

El‐Din

Mishrif

Kailas

et al. 2018

ILT

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“…Thereafter, 5 wt % distilled water was injected into the diesel–surfactant blend at a steady rate of 2 mL per 20 min and at a persistent rotation of 1450 rpm (Scheme ). , …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emulsified diesel comprises of water, diesel fuel, and surfactant to balance out the heterogeneous system. , The surfactant aids in the diffusion of nanosized water droplets in the diesel, forming water-in-diesel nanoemulsion, thus avoiding direct contact of water with the motor surfaces . Stabilization of the nanoemulsions depends mainly on water-dispersed concentration and the method utilized in the emulsion preparation . Generally, two emulsification methods are used to form stable emulsion, namely, low- and high-energy methods. , Modifications in the chemical structure of the used surfactants could improve their interfacial tension and thermodynamic parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyoxyethylene Alkenyl Succinate Gemini Emulsifier for Diesel Fuel Nanoemulsions

et al. 2019

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Highly stable nanosized water droplets in diesel nanoemulsions were prepared in the presence of polyoxyethylene alkenyl succinate as a gemini emulsifier. This nonionic gemini emulsifier was prepared through three stages. The addition reaction of octadecene to the double bond of maleic anhydride was the prime step. The second step includes the ring-opening reaction between 2 mol of alkenylsuccinic anhydride with diethylene glycol as a spacer, and the third step was the esterification reaction between the said products with 2 mol of polyethylene glycol 200 to produce polyoxyethylene alkenyl succinate gemini emulsifier abbreviated as GE. FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopies were utilized to justify the chemical formula of the synthesized emulsifier. Four water-in-diesel nanoemulsions were formulated under 5 wt % water content and (2, 4, 6, and 8 wt %) surfactant concentrations of the overall nanoemulsion’s weight. The prepared emulsifier’s dynamic interfacial tension mensuration and also its thermodynamic parameters were measured. The effectiveness of the constructed nanoemulsions was examined from the perspective of the water droplet size, rheological properties at temperatures ranging from 20 to 50 °C, and time lapse at 0 and 2 weeks. Experimental outcomes showed that the lowest nanosized water droplet of 20.56 nm was achieved at 5 wt % water content and 8 wt % GE emulsifier concentration. The findings revealed that the rheological demeanor of the constructed nanoemulsions was non-Newtonian at 66 to 125 s–1 shear rates. Furthermore, the maximum Bingham yield value of 6.5 Pa was obtained at 8 wt % GE concentration, 5 wt % water content, 20 °C, and 14 day time lapse.

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Synthesis of superhydrophobic nanocomposite coating films for self‐cleaning glass using nanoemulsion technique

Mohamed

El‐Din

Shaker

2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This work aims to fabricate new potent superhydrophobic‐hybrid coated nanocomposites used as a self‐cleaning coating on the glass surface. Three (styrene/vinyl acetate) copolymers with monomer molar ratios of 0.06:0.17, 0.12:0.11, and 0.17:0.06 denoted as Z1‐, Z2‐, and Z3‐copolymers were synthesized using the emulsion phase inversion concentration (EPIC) method. Two functionalized SiO2‐NPs using dodecyl triethoxysilane and hexadecyl trimethoxysilane as coupling agents denoted as E‐NPs and F‐NPs, respectively were fabricated by a sol–gel process to promote the hydrophobicity properties of the synthesized SiO2‐NPs. New hybrid composites denoted as Py and Ty(y = 1, 2, and 3) were fabricated by incorporating 1, 3, and 5 wt% of the functionalized SiO2‐NPs (E‐NPs or F‐NPs) into the Z3‐copolymers matrix, respectively. The chemical structures of the synthesized copolymers, unfunctionalized SiO2‐NPs, and the hybrid composites were elucidated by FTIR and 1HNMR spectroscopes. The surface wettability and topography of the glass‐surface coated by synthesized (styrene/vinyl acetate) copolymers and the silica hybrid composites were analyzed using water contact angle, scanning electron, and atomic force microscopes. The results showed that a highly superhydrophobic coated hybrid composite with a contact angle of 161.48° was achieved by Z3‐copolymer/F5‐NPs denoted as T3‐composite at F5‐NPs concentration of 5 wt%.

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A new modified low-energy emulsification method for preparation of water-in-diesel fuel nanoemulsion as alternative fuel

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Studying the lubricity of new eco-friendly cutting oil formulation in metal working fluid

Studying the lubricity of new eco-friendly cutting oil formulation in metal working fluid

Polyoxyethylene Alkenyl Succinate Gemini Emulsifier for Diesel Fuel Nanoemulsions

Synthesis of superhydrophobic nanocomposite coating films for self‐cleaning glass using nanoemulsion technique

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