A new model system swims into focus: using the zebrafish to visualize intestinal lipid metabolism <i>in vivo</i>

Carten, Juliana D.; Farber, Steven A.

doi:10.2217/clp.09.40

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…Digestive tract anatomy and physiology as well as lipid metabolism pathways in the zebrafish are similar to mammals and other vertebrates (Babin and Vernier, 1989; Carten and Farber, 2009). Zebrafish larvae begin exogenous feeding at ~5 days post-fertilization (dpf), and complete resorption of their endogenous yolk supply by ~6 dpf.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota Regulate Intestinal Absorption and Metabolism of Fatty Acids in the Zebrafish

Semova

Carten

Stombaugh

et al. 2012

Cell Host & Microbe

706

507

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SUMMARY Regulation of intestinal dietary fat absorption is critical to maintaining energy balance. While intestinal microbiota clearly impact the host’s energy balance, their role in intestinal absorption and extra-intestinal metabolism of dietary fat is less clear. Using in vivo imaging of fluorescent fatty acid (FA) analogs delivered to gnotobiotic zebrafish hosts, we reveal that microbiota stimulate FA uptake and lipid droplet (LD) formation in the intestinal epithelium and liver. Microbiota increase epithelial LD number in a diet-dependent manner. The presence of food led to the intestinal enrichment of bacteria from the phylum Firmicutes. Diet-enriched Firmicutes and their products were sufficient to increase epithelial LD number, whereas LD size was increased by other bacterial types. Thus, different members of the intestinal microbiota promote FA absorption via distinct mechanisms. Diet-induced alterations in microbiota composition might influence fat absorption, providing mechanistic insight into how microbiota-diet interactions regulate host energy balance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota Regulate Intestinal Absorption and Metabolism of Fatty Acids in the Zebrafish

Semova

Carten

Stombaugh

et al. 2012

Cell Host & Microbe

706

507

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“…There have been numerous lipid studies focused on the alimentary system, saccus vitellinus, angiogenesis and the nervous system (6,7). Conversely, the study of zebrafish intravascular lipid metabolism has been limited, although studies have proven that zebrafish have similar digestive physiology and lipid metabolism to that of humans and the treatment of zebrafish with antihyperlipidemic drugs triggers similar responses to those observed in humans (8)(9)(10)(11). Therefore, the establishment of a standardized platform for antihyperlipidemic drug screening in a zebrafish system is important.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing methods for the study of intravascular lipid metabolism in zebrafish

Chen

Wang

Fan

et al. 2014

Molecular Medicine Reports

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Abstract. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a useful vertebrate model for use in cardiovascular drug discovery. The present study aimed to construct optimized methods for the study of intravascular lipid metabolism of zebrafish. The lipophilic dye, Oil Red O, was used to stain fasting zebrafish one to eight days post-fertilization (dpf) and to stain 7-dpf zebrafish incubated in a breeding system containing 0.1% egg yolk as a high-fat diet (HFD) for 48 h. Three-dpf zebrafish were kept in CholEsteryl boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) 542/563 C11 water for 24 h which indicated the efficiency of CholEsteryl BODIPY 542/563 C11 intravascular cholesterol staining. Subsequently, 7-dpf zebrafish were incubated in water containing the fluorescent probe CholEsteryl BODIPY 542/563 C11 and fed a high-cholesterol diet (HCD) for 10 d. Two groups of 7-dpf zebrafish were incubated in regular breeding water and fed with a regular or HCD containing CholEsteryl BODIPY 542/563 C11 for 10 d. Finally, blood lipids of adult zebrafish fed with regular or HFD for seven weeks were measured. Oil Red O was not detected in the blood vessels of 7-8-dpf zebrafish. Increased intravascular lipid levels were detected in 7-dpf zebrafish incubated in 0.1% egg yolk, indicated by Oil Red O staining. Intravascular cholesterol was efficiently stained in 3-dpf zebrafish incubated in breeding water containing CholEsteryl BODIPY 542/563 C11; however, this method was inappropriate for the calculation of intravascular fluorescence intensity in zebrafish >7-dpf. In spite of this, intra-aortic fluorescence intensity of zebrafish fed a HCD containing CholEsteryl BODIPY 542/563 C11 was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of those fed a regular diet containing CholEsteryl BODIPY 542/563 C11. The serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels of adult zebrafish fed a HFD were markedly increased compared to those of the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the use of Oil Red O staining and CholEsteryl BODIPY 542/563 C11 may have applications in zebrafish intravascular lipid metabolism research and screens for novel lipid-regulating drugs.

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“…The description of the triple screen above was used, with permission, from a review previously published by Carten and Farber (2009). 85 …”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Numbers of beads were 10± in the wild-type versus 14 ± 3 beads in fat-free mutant larvae (mean ± SEM, n = 9, P > 0.3). Figure reprinted from Carten and Farber (2009) with permission 85. …”

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confidence: 99%

Real-Time Imaging of Lipid Metabolism in Larval Zebrafish

Carten¹,

Farber²

2010

Live Imaging in Zebrafish

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Many fundamental questions remain regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism. One major impediment to answering important questions in the field has been the lack of a tractable and sufficiently complex model system. Until recently, most studies of lipid metabolism have been performed in vitro or in the mouse, yet each approach possesses certain limitations. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) offers an excellent model system with which to study lipid metabolism in vivo due to its small size, genetic tractability and optical clarity. We have exploited the unique advantages of the zebrafish to visualize digestive processes in vivo by using a number of fluorescent tools, including fluorescent reporters of lipase and protease activity, fluorescent lipid analogs, and fluorescent microspheres. Using these tools with the zebrafish model system enables one to generate visible readouts of digestive physiology and organ function in real time. Additionally, the zebrafish system is amenable to highthroughput approaches to identify small molecules that influence lipid metabolism and new pharmaceuticals for the treatment of human lipid disorders. In this chapter we present recent advances in visualizing lipid metabolism in live larval zebrafish with a focus on fatty acid metabolism.

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A new model system swims into focus: using the zebrafish to visualize intestinal lipid metabolism in vivo

Cited by 38 publications

References 98 publications

Microbiota Regulate Intestinal Absorption and Metabolism of Fatty Acids in the Zebrafish

Microbiota Regulate Intestinal Absorption and Metabolism of Fatty Acids in the Zebrafish

Optimizing methods for the study of intravascular lipid metabolism in zebrafish

Real-Time Imaging of Lipid Metabolism in Larval Zebrafish

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