A new model for the quantitative assessment of earthquake casualties based on the correction of anti-lethal level

Xia, Chaoxu; Nie, Guigen; Fan, Xiang; Li, Huayue; Zhou, Junxue; Zeng, Xiaoping

doi:10.1007/s11069-021-04988-z

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…After analyzing the results of various influencing factors, an exponential function can be selected as the basic model for earthquake casualties, with the building damage rate as the main parameter. The measurement results are shown in the following equation: (15) 12.285 0.461 ,…”

Section: Casualty Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where α m , α den , α time , and α all are the correction factors for magnitude and intensity, population density, earthquake occurrence time, and overall regional seismic resistance level, respectively. (15) The correction coefficients for earthquake magnitude and intensity and population density were calculated using the following equations: 4.17 0.35 0.97…”

Section: Casualty Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Research on Rapid Assessment of Earthquake Disaster and Emergency Relief Material Distribution System—Case Study on Earthquake in Yangbi County, Yunnan Province, China

Wang¹,

Hong²,

Zhou³

et al. 2022

Sensors and Materials

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Section: Casualty Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Casualty Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Rapid Assessment of Earthquake Disaster and Emergency Relief Material Distribution System—Case Study on Earthquake in Yangbi County, Yunnan Province, China

Wang¹,

Hong²,

Zhou³

et al. 2022

Sensors and Materials

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“…Compared with other earthquakes (Ms > 6) that occurred in Yunnan Province, especially for Ludian Ms 6.5 earthquake, the building damage degree, landslides number, casualties, and economic loss caused by the Yangbi earthquake were much less. Ludian earthquake (Figure 1) occurred on August 3, 2014; the epicenter intensity was up to IX, and the focal depth was about 12 km, which caused 617 deaths, 2400 injuries, 86000 destroyed buildings and triggered many large landslides [28,29]. According to the survey data of the Department of Natural Resources of Yunnan Province, China, 986 landslides and 462 collapses were triggered.…”

Section: Cases Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic Signal-Based Investigation on the Disaster Differences between 2021 Yangbi Ms 6.4 Earthquake and 2014 Ms 6.5 Ludian Earthquake in Yunnan Province, China

Chen

Che

Wang

et al. 2022

Shock and Vibration

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An Ms 6.4 earthquake occurred in Yangbi County, Yunnan Province, on May 21, 2021. The magnitude is only 0.1 difference when compared with the 2014 Ms 6.5 earthquake in Ludian County, Yunnan Province, but the disasters show a big difference. Seismic signal includes the comprehensive information of source, propagation path, and site effect, which directly reflect the effect of the earthquake on the ground. The study mainly investigated the difference between seismic signals of two events in time domain and time-frequency-energy space based on variational mode decomposition and Hilbert transform to clarify the reasons for disaster differences. Most damaged buildings are column-and-tie timber structures with Earth walls with local collapse or vertical crack at the corner of the Earth wall in the Yangbi earthquake. Multistorey buildings are intact, and a few small landslides are triggered, whereas, in the Ludian earthquake, multistorey buildings with the frame structure and masonry structure occurred with serious X-type cracking, large interlayer displacement, and even complete collapse, and large landslides with length about 165 m are triggered. 53LLT and 53YBX are two strong motion stations in the Ludian earthquake and Yangbi earthquake, respectively, and are near the disaster investigation points. Peak ground acceleration in 53LLT is up to 949.2 cm/s2, which is larger than 720.3 cm/s2 in 53YBX, and the duration in 53LLT is longer than 53YBX. The instantaneous energy of 53YBX is concentrated within 0–10 Hz and 10–20 Hz, respectively; however, the instantaneous energy of 53LLT is concentrated at 5 Hz. Cumulative energy of 53YBX is mainly distributed at 0–5 Hz and 10–20 Hz, which is around the natural frequency of column-and-tie timber structure, while the energy of 53LLT is concentrated at 1.6 Hz and is much greater than other stations. Thus, large energy in high frequency caused the instantaneous and cumulative damage to short-period structures in Yangbi County and may cause the resonance of column-and-tie timber structure, and large energy in low frequency caused the instantaneous and cumulative damage to long-period structures of Longtou Village in Ludian earthquake. The result is meaningful to understanding the seismic disasters from the characteristics of seismic signals and can provide a reference for the seismic design of structures.

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“…Observations from earthquake events demonstrate that direct seismic damage to the infrastructure such as buildings is responsible for almost 75% of casualties (Rahman 2018;Zuccaro and Cacace 2011). There are primarily two types of earthquake casualty models (Chaoxu et al 2022). In this first model, damage to buildings is not considered, and casualties are estimated based on earthquake parameters such as the magnitude and intensity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology to incorporate seismic damage and debris to evaluate strategies to reduce life safety risk for multi-hazard earthquake and tsunami

et al. 2023

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This paper presents a methodology to evaluate life safety risk of coastal communities vulnerable to seismic and tsunami hazards. The work explicitly incorporates two important aspects in tsunami evacuation modeling: (1) the effect of earthquake-induced damage to buildings on building egress time, (2) the effect of earthquake-induced debris on horizontal evacuation time. The city of Seaside, Oregon, is selected as a testbed community. The hazard is based on a megathrust earthquake and tsunami from the Cascadia Subduction Zone that was defined in a previous study. The built environment consists of buildings and the transportation network for the city. Fragility analysis is used to estimate the seismic damage to buildings and resulting debris that covers portions of the road network. The horizontal evacuation time is determined based on the shortest path to shelters, including the increased travel time due to the earthquake-generated debris. The effects of different mitigation strategies are quantified. Results indicate the fatality and life safety risk of a near-field tsunami increases by 4.2 to 8.3 times when the effects of building egress and earthquake-induced debris are considered. The choice of population layer affects the life safety risk and thus the maximum risk is obtained when daytime populations are considered. Use of mitigation strategies result in a significant decrease in the number of fatalities. For hazards with recurrence intervals larger than 500-years, the vertical evacuation is the most effective strategy in reducing fatalities and associated risks. Implementing all mitigation strategies reduces the life safety risk by 90%.

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A new model for the quantitative assessment of earthquake casualties based on the correction of anti-lethal level

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Research on Rapid Assessment of Earthquake Disaster and Emergency Relief Material Distribution System—Case Study on Earthquake in Yangbi County, Yunnan Province, China

Research on Rapid Assessment of Earthquake Disaster and Emergency Relief Material Distribution System—Case Study on Earthquake in Yangbi County, Yunnan Province, China

Seismic Signal-Based Investigation on the Disaster Differences between 2021 Yangbi Ms 6.4 Earthquake and 2014 Ms 6.5 Ludian Earthquake in Yunnan Province, China

Methodology to incorporate seismic damage and debris to evaluate strategies to reduce life safety risk for multi-hazard earthquake and tsunami

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