A New Method of Sex Determination in Monomorphic Birds

Bercovitz, Arden Bryan; Czekala, N. M.; Lasley, Bill L.

doi:10.2307/20094391

Cited by 51 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…In our study, halving dilutions of aliquots from at least four peaks from the aqueous phase HPLC demonstrated parallelism on both the C-21/C-19 conjugate enzyme immunoassay and dpm radiometric counts, suggesting that these group of conjugates had androsterone-like immunoreactivity. In contrast to previous bird studies [Czekala and Lasley, 1977;Bercovitz et al, 1978;Lee et al, 1995], these peaks did not show any immunoreactivity when assayed by testosterone enzyme or radioimmunoassays. This observation may provide an important clue in the development of simple assays for the androgen metabolites of parrots and other birds in general.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The failure of the polar testosterone metabolites to be detected by either testosterone immunoassay (enzyme or radio) rules out the possibility that testosterone immunoreactivity was the result of testosterone conjugates, which retain immunoreactivity to testosterone antisera. This immunoreactivity has been previously reported for other bird species [Czekala and Lasley, 1977;Bercovitz et al, 1978;Lee et al, 1995]; however, it was not identified in this study. This lack of testosterone immunoreactivity was supported by the absence of a radiolabel peak consistent with testosterone elution when the hydrolyzed testosterone samples were analyzed by HPLC.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

“…Estrogen profiles have been documented to reflect ovarian activity accurately [Cockrem and Rounce, 1994], and a pre-ovulatory androgen rise Farner, 1978, 1980;Kofuji et al, 1993;Lee et al, 1995] confirms the previously described fact that testosterone is a precursor of estradiol [Tanabe et al, 1981]. In earlier studies, testosterone immunoreactivity has been the predominant end point for androgen measurements in feces from avian species [Czekala and Lasley, 1977;Bercovitz et al, 1978;Lee et al, 1995]; however, other work has demonstrated that free steroids may be only a small component of the excreta, and conjugated polar androgen metabolites dominate [Bishop and Hall, 1991].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

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Excretion and metabolic fate of radiolabeled estradiol and testosterone in the cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus)

Tell

1997

Zoo Biol.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 53%

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Excretion and metabolic fate of radiolabeled estradiol and testosterone in the cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus)

Tell

1997

Zoo Biol.

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“…At the San Diego Zoo, new techniques were developed for the determination of sex in sexually monomorphic bird species (Bercovitz et al 1978). Active research is sponsored by many zoos.…”

Section: Contributions Of Conservation Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

What Is Conservation Biology?

1985

BioScience

1,109

178

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. University of California Press and American Institute of Biological Sciences are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to BioScience. C onservation biology, a newstage in the application of science to conservation problems, addresses the biology of species, communities, and ecosystems that are perturbed, either directly or indirectly, by human activities or other agents. Its goal is to provide principles and tools for preserving biological diversity. In this article I describe conservation biology, define its fundamental propositions, and note a few of its contributions. I also point out that ethical norms are a genuine part of conservation biology, as they are in all mission-or crisis-oriented disciplines. Crisis disciplinesConservation biology differs from most other biological sciences in one important way: it is often a crisis discipline. Its relation to biology, particularly ecology, is analogous to that of surgery to physiology and war to political science. In crisis disciplines, one must act before knowing all the facts; crisis disciplines are thus a mixture of science and art, and their pursuit requires intuition as well as information. A conservation biologist may have to make decisions or rec-Michael E. Soule is an adjunct professor in the Wildland Management Center, University of Michigan School of Natural Resources. He is coauthor with Otto H.

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“…The determination of the sex of individuals is often key in ecological and evolutionary studies, as well as for commercial and conservation purposes. Thus, several methods have been developed to sex individuals based on behaviour (Gray & Hamer, ), vocalizations (Volodin et al., ), morphology (Reynolds, Martin, Wallace, Wearn, & Hughes, ), genitals and sex organs (Maron & Myers, ; Richner, ) and hormone levels (Bercovitz, Czekala, & Lasley, ). However, these methods can have high error rates and sometimes are technically complex or highly invasive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of loop‐mediated isothermal amplification for fast and portable sex determination across the phylogeny of birds

Centeno‐Cuadros

Tella

Delibes

et al. 2017

Molecular Ecology Resources

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PCR is a universal tool for the multiplication of specific DNA sequences. For example, PCR-based sex determination is widely used, and a diversity of primer sets is available. However, this protocol requires thermal cycling and electrophoresis, so results are typically obtained in laboratories and several days after sampling. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is an alternative to PCR that can take molecular ecology outside the laboratory. Although its application has been successfully probed for sex determination in three species of a single avian Family (raptors, Accipitridae), its generality remains untested and suitable primers across taxa are lacking. We designed and tested the first LAMP-based primer set for sex determination across the modern birds (NEO-W) based on a fragment of the gene chromo-helicase-DNA-binding protein located on the female-specific W chromosome. As nucleotide identity is expected to increase among more related taxa, taxonomically targeted primers were also developed for the Order Falconiformes and Families Psittacidae, Ciconiidae, Estrildidae and Icteridae as examples. NEO-W successfully determined sex in a subset of 21 species within 17 Families and 10 Orders and is therefore a candidate primer for all modern birds. Primer sets designed specifically for the selected taxa correctly assigned sex to the evaluated species. A short troubleshooting guide for new LAMP users is provided to identify false negatives and optimize LAMP reactions. This study represents the crucial next step towards the use of LAMP for molecular sex determination in birds and other applications in molecular ecology.

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A New Method of Sex Determination in Monomorphic Birds

Cited by 51 publications

References 0 publications

Excretion and metabolic fate of radiolabeled estradiol and testosterone in the cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus)

Excretion and metabolic fate of radiolabeled estradiol and testosterone in the cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus)

What Is Conservation Biology?

Validation of loop‐mediated isothermal amplification for fast and portable sex determination across the phylogeny of birds

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