A new method for the quantitation of propofol in human plasma: efficient solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/APCI-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry detection

Bajpai, Lakshmikant; Varshney, Manoj; Seubert, Christoph N.; Dennis, Donn M.

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2004.08.023

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The other LC-MS/MS methods reported in the literature include an isolation step by solid-phase extraction (SPE) [9,11] to eliminate the impurities and to increase the sensitivity, or a protein precipitation (PP) followed by a derivatization step [10,12]. An increase in sensitivity of ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various methods have been reported for the quantification of propofol in plasma or blood: gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with derivatization [3,4] and high performance liquid chromatography Popa DS et al High-throughput toxicological analysis of propofol in human whole blood by LC-MS (HPLC) with UV [5] or fluorescence detection [4,[6][7][8]. Recently, several liquid-chromatography / mass spectrometry (LC-MS) or liquid-chromatography / tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods have been reported for the analysis of propofol in plasma or whole blood [9][10][11][12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An isolation step of analytes is often required prior to instrumental analysis, performed generally by liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) [4][5][6] or solid phase extraction (SPE) [9,11], or by protein precipitation (PP) followed by derivatization [10,12]. But both extraction and derivatization are time-consuming steps that also increase the cost of the assay and can affect the recovery.…”

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confidence: 99%

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High-throughput toxicological analysis of propofol in human whole blood by LC-MS

Vlase¹,

Popa²,

Siserman³

et al. 2011

RJLM

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A new high-throughput liquid chromatography / mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method for the quantification of propofol in human whole blood was developed and validated. The separation was performed on a Gemini NX column under isocratic conditions using a mixture of 0.05 % ammonium hydroxide in water and methanol (23:77, v/v) with a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. The detection was performed in SIM mode using an ion trap MS equipped with an APCI ion source using negative mode ionization. The whole blood samples (0.2 mL) were deproteinated with methanol before the analysis. The method showed a good linearity (r > 0.997), precision and accuracy (< 10.2%) over the concentration ranges of 0.05-1.2 μg/mL. The method is not expensive, requires a minimum time for sample preparation and has a run-time of 1.5 min for instrument analysis (retention times for propofol was 0.78 min). The developed and validated LC-MS method is very simple and more rapid than other similar methods. It was successfully applied for the rapid quantification of propofol in human whole blood in forensic toxicology analyses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-throughput toxicological analysis of propofol in human whole blood by LC-MS

Vlase¹,

Popa²,

Siserman³

et al. 2011

RJLM

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“…Sample preparation for HPLC and GC requires liquid-liquid extraction or solid-phase extraction (30). Liquid-liquid extraction is tedious and time-consuming, and sensitivity may be affected by interference with plasma constituents (30). HPLC with UV detection is not very sensitive for the analysis of low levels of propofol in blood; however, solid-phase extraction has been shown to amplify its sensitivity (24).…”

Section: Methods Of Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Effects and Lethal and Forensic Aspects of Propofol*

Levy

2010

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Propofol is a potent intravenous anesthetic agent that rapidly induces sedation and unconsciousness. The potential for propofol dependency, recreational use and abuse has only recently been recognized and several cases of accidental overdose and suicide have emerged. In addition, the first documented case of murder using propofol was reported a few months ago and a high profile case of suspected homicide with propofol is currently under investigation. A number of analytical methods have been employed to detect and quantify propofol concentrations in biological specimens. The reported propofol related deaths and post-mortem blood and tissue levels are reviewed. Importantly, limitations of propofol detection are discussed and future considerations are presented. Because propofol has the potential for diversion with lethal consequences, the forensic scientist must have a basic understanding of its clinical indications and uses, pharmacologic properties, and detection methods. In addition, medical institutions should develop systems to prevent and detect diversion of this potential drug of abuse.

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“…So far, the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the most commonly used analytical method for measuring the propofol concentrations in plasma4567891011, and it is also used as a reference to evaluate other methods1213. However, due to the complex matrix of plasma, the complicated sample pretreatment must be implemented before the HPLC separation process can be carried out.…”

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Ion mobility spectrometry as a simple and rapid method to measure the plasma propofol concentrations for intravenous anaesthesia monitoring

Wang

Zhou

Jiang

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The plasma propofol concentration is important information for anaesthetists to monitor and adjust the anaesthesia depth for patients during a surgery operation. In this paper, a stand-alone ion mobility spectrometer (IMS) was constructed for the rapid measurement of the plasma propofol concentrations. Without any sample pre-treatment, the plasma samples were dropped on a piece of glass microfiber paper and then introduced into the IMS cell by the thermal desorption directly. Each individual measurement could be accomplished within 1 min. For the plasma propofol concentrations from 1 to 12 μg mL−1, the IMS response was linear with a correlation coefficient R2 of 0.998, while the limit of detection was evaluated to be 0.1 μg mL−1. These measurement results did meet the clinical application requirements. Furthermore, other clinically-often-used drugs, including remifentanil, flurbiprofen and atracurium, were found no significant interference with the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the plasma propofol. The plasma propofol concentrations measured by IMS were correlated well with those measured by the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results confirmed an excellent agreement between these two methods. Finally, this method was applied to monitor the plasma propofol concentrations for a patient undergoing surgery, demonstrating its capability of anaesthesia monitoring in real clinical environments.

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A new method for the quantitation of propofol in human plasma: efficient solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/APCI-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry detection

Cited by 33 publications

References 20 publications

High-throughput toxicological analysis of propofol in human whole blood by LC-MS

High-throughput toxicological analysis of propofol in human whole blood by LC-MS

Clinical Effects and Lethal and Forensic Aspects of Propofol*

Ion mobility spectrometry as a simple and rapid method to measure the plasma propofol concentrations for intravenous anaesthesia monitoring

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