A New Method for Predicting the Detonation Velocity of Explosives with Micrometer Aluminum Powders

Li, Xing‐Han; Zhao, Feng; Qin, Jin‐Cheng; Hongbo, Pei

doi:10.1002/prep.201700221

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This is because the reaction rate of aluminium, at the same pressure, is approximately two orders of magnitude slower than that of the explosives (IPN, PETN and RDX). This assumption is consistent with the findings in [21–22].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

A Method for Estimation of Blast Performance of RDX‐IPN‐Al Annular Thermobaric Charges

Iorga

Țigănescu

Sućeska

et al. 2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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The objective of this research was to develop and to experimentally validate a method to predict the blast performance of thermobaric annular charges based on isopropyl nitrate‐aluminium and RDX‐isopropyl nitrate‐aluminium. Overpressure and thermal output were investigated in open air using piezoelectric pressure transducers, high speed visible and infrared imaging. Prediction of the explosive transformation of the annular thermobaric charge was computed by thermochemical code EXPLO5® using the Chapman‐Jouguet (ideal detonation) and non‐ideal Wood and Kirkwood (WK) detonation model. The Jones‐Wilkins‐Lee (JWL) parameters obtained in the calculations were used in hydrocode numerical simulation using AUTODYN® in order to predict the incident overpressure, total impulse and arrival time. Additional energy attributed to aluminium afterburning was used in order to simulate the post‐combustion phase. For isopropyl nitrate‐aluminium based charges, both BKW and WK models estimate correctly the peak overpressure and arrival time, while the total impulse was more accurately calculated by WK non‐ideal detonation model. For the RDX‐containing formulation, the prediction of peak overpressure, total impulse and arrival time are in agreement with the predictions obtained using WK non‐ideal detonation model with additional energy. The performances of the investigated thermobaric charges were compared with an equivalent mass charge of TNT, confirming both the expected higher total impulse and higher peak overpressures in the case of RDX‐isopropyl nitrate‐aluminium based thermobaric charges. Thermal measurements highlighted two distinct phases, an anaerobic phase and the post combustion of the thermobaric compositions. In terms of thermal output, the RDX‐isopropyl nitrate‐aluminium thermobaric based charge manifests superior performances.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

A Method for Estimation of Blast Performance of RDX‐IPN‐Al Annular Thermobaric Charges

Iorga

Țigănescu

Sućeska

et al. 2021

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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“…To date, a number of theoretical methods are developed to predict the detonation properties of materials, including heat of detonation; detonation pressure, velocity, and temperature; Gurney energy; and power (strength) . Also, a number of different thermodynamic codes and methods, including various structure–property relationships and neural networks, are developed to perform such calculations; − however, currently, the most popular software are EXPLO-5, Cheetah, Lotuses, EMDB, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magic of Numbers: A Guide for Preliminary Estimation of the Detonation Performance of C–H–N–O Explosives Based on Empirical Formulas

Bondarchuk

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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In this paper, we report a comprehensive analytical study of the factors influencing the detonation properties of C–H–N–O explosives. Besides the commonly applied parameters, namely, solid-state enthalpy of formation (ΔH f) and crystal density (d c), for which simple zeroth-order additive models based on the atomic increments are developed in this work, we also consider compositional factor being an intrinsic characteristic of each single empirical formula. Using a wide number of reference molecules (320 for ΔH f and 360 for d c), we have developed empirical equations, which provide rather good correlation coefficients R 2 = 0.90 and 0.80 for ΔH f and d c, respectively. Knowing these two equations and empirical formula, one can predict the detonation properties of a C–H–N–O explosive using a pocket calculator. Of course, such an approach, which completely neglects chemical structure, can be applied mainly for structurally similar compounds. However, having significant differences between the predicted detonation properties of two compositions, the account of their exact structures cannot reorder the predicted values. Thus, this paper can be used as a simple guide for molecular engineering and explosive structure enhancement. For this purpose, we provide a list of all compositions with the predicted properties up to C30H30N30O30 in the Supporting Information. To demonstrate how it works, we have applied the developed approach along with quantum-chemical calculations to model chemical structures outperforming ε-hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (the most powerful explosive) in detonation performance.

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“…DLCHEQ is a thermochemical code developed based on the fundamental principles of thermodynamics and thermochemistry [ 37 , 38 ]. It demonstrates reliable precision in describing the equation of state of detonation products over a wide spectrum of temperature and pressure.…”

Section: Thermodynamic State Of Detonation Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Fracture and Fragmentation of Implosively Driven Thin-Walled Cylindrical Shell: From Thermodynamic Analysis to CDEM Simulation

Ou¹,

Yuan²,

Jiao³

et al. 2023

Materials

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The scattering of fragments is a notable characteristic of the explosive detonation of a shelled charge. This study examines the fracture and fragmentation of the shell and the process by which natural fragments form under the strains of implosion. The analysis takes into account both the explosive’s energy output and the casing’s dynamic response. For this purpose, utilizing a thermochemical code as an alternative to the conventionally employed cylinder test, the Jones–Wilkins–Lee equation of state (JWL EOS) was calibrated within a range of relative specific volume up to 13. The detonation of the shelled charge was subsequently analyzed using the continuum–discontinuum element method (CDEM). Following this, the formation mechanisms and scattering characteristics of natural fragments were scrutinized. The analysis found that the shell predominantly experiences shear failure with uniform evolution, displaying a “hysteresis effect” and two mutation stages in the evolution of tensile failure. Within the JWL EOS’s calibrated range, the representation of fragment displacement and velocity improved by 47.97% and 5.30%, respectively. This study provides valuable guidance for designing the power field of warheads and assessing their destructive power.

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A New Method for Predicting the Detonation Velocity of Explosives with Micrometer Aluminum Powders

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

A Method for Estimation of Blast Performance of RDX‐IPN‐Al Annular Thermobaric Charges

A Method for Estimation of Blast Performance of RDX‐IPN‐Al Annular Thermobaric Charges

Magic of Numbers: A Guide for Preliminary Estimation of the Detonation Performance of C–H–N–O Explosives Based on Empirical Formulas

Investigation of the Fracture and Fragmentation of Implosively Driven Thin-Walled Cylindrical Shell: From Thermodynamic Analysis to CDEM Simulation

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