A new method for generating a hollow Gaussian beam

Wei, Cun; Lu, Xingyuan; Wu, Guannan; Wang, Fei; Cai, Yangjian

doi:10.1007/s00340-013-5572-5

Cited by 38 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In laser physics, optical elements are commonly used to transform a Gaussian-shaped TEM00 mode into various spatial distributions that are defined by the application requirements 1 . For such developments, sophisticated theoretical analysis and elaborate designs of phase plates are utilized 2 . Inorganic LEDs are point-sources in most settings, and are therefore easily and effectively combined with secondary beam-shaping systems 3 , metallic nanostructures or optical nanoantennas 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time beam shaping without additional optical elements

et al. 2018

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Providing artificial light and enhancing the quality of the respective light sources is of continued interest in the fields of solid state, condensed matter, and semiconductor physics. Much research has been carried out to increase the luminous efficiency, lifetime and colour stability of such devices. However, the emission characteristics of a given light source do not necessarily comply with today’s often sophisticated applications. Here, beam shaping addresses the transformation of a given light distribution into a customized form. This is typically achieved by secondary optical elements often sporting elaborate designs, where the actual light source takes up only a small fraction of the system’s volume. Such designs limit the final light source to a single permanent operation mode, which can only be overcome by employing mechanically adjustable optical elements. Here we show that organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) can enable real-time regulation of a beam shape without relying on secondary optical elements and without using any mechanical adjustment. For a red light-emitting two-unit OLED architecture, we demonstrate the ability to continuously tune between strongly forward and strongly sideward emission, where the device efficiency is maintained at an application-relevant level ranging between 6 and 8% of external quantum efficiency for any chosen setting. In combination with additional optical elements, customizable and tuneable systems are possible, whereby the tuning stems from the light source itself rather than from the use of secondary optics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time beam shaping without additional optical elements

et al. 2018

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“…Therefore, HGBs can be generated by removing the azimuthal phase term of the vortices22. However, due to the absence of suitable technique to characterize HGBs in terms of its order, one cannot be sure about the order of the HGB generated in ref.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the vast applications ranging from atomic optics to plasma physics 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 , HGBs have also attracted a great deal of scientific interest in understanding its propagation and transformation dynamics 5 16 17 18 . Generation of HGBs have been realized using linear optical elements in different methods such as spatial filtering 19 , geometrical optics 20 , fibers 21 , spatial-light-modulator 16 , and Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beam transformation 22 . However, nonlinear generation processes enable HGBs to have a new wavelength across electromagnetic spectrum and also to have high output power and higher order in all timescales as required for most of the applications 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 .…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The HGBs have a similar functional form 5 as that of optical vortex beams except the azimuthal phase term exp(-ilθ) where, l is the topological charge or OAM mode of the vortex. Therefore, HGBs can be generated by removing the azimuthal phase term of the vortices 22 . However, due to the absence of suitable technique to characterize HGBs in terms of its order, one cannot be sure about the order of the HGB generated in ref.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…However, due to the absence of suitable technique to characterize HGBs in terms of its order, one cannot be sure about the order of the HGB generated in ref. 22 . Given that the nonlinear frequency conversion processes 23 24 25 satisfy OAM conservation 26 27 , one can in principle, remove the azimuthal phase term of the generated beam through annihilation of OAM modes of the interacting beams in three wave-mixing process.…”

mentioning

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Hollow Gaussian beam generation through nonlinear interaction of photons with orbital angular momentum

Chaitanya

Jabir

Banerji

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Hollow Gaussian beams (HGB) are a special class of doughnut shaped beams that do not carry orbital angular momentum (OAM). Such beams have a wide range of applications in many fields including atomic optics, bio-photonics, atmospheric science, and plasma physics. Till date, these beams have been generated using linear optical elements. Here, we show a new way of generating HGBs by three-wave mixing in a nonlinear crystal. Based on nonlinear interaction of photons having OAM and conservation of OAM in nonlinear processes, we experimentally generated ultrafast HGBs of order as high as 6 and power >180 mW at 355 nm. This generic concept can be extended to any wavelength, timescales (continuous-wave and ultrafast) and any orders. We show that the removal of azimuthal phase of vortices does not produce Gaussian beam. We also propose a new and only method to characterize the order of the HGBs.

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Laser Writing of Block‐Copolymer Images into Mesopores Using SBDC‐Initiated Visible‐Light‐Induced Polymerization

et al. 2023

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For miniaturization, as well as for improving artificial nanopore performance, precise local polymer functionalization and the combination of different functionalities are required. Imagining data driven nanopore design automated nanopore functionalization would be beneficial. Using direct laser writing as one option of automated nanopore polymer functionalization visible light induced polymerizations are beneficial. Here, we demonstrate the functionalization of mesoporous silicafilms with two different polymers using automated laser writing. For this we developed a visible light (400–700 nm and 405 nm) N,N(diethylamino)dithiocarbamoylbenzyl(trimethoxy)silane (SBDC) inifierter initiated polymerization. While transferring this visible light induced polymerization using SBDC to a commercially available microscope, direct, automated laser writing, as well as polymer re‐initiation was demonstrated. Thereby, polymer spots of 37 and 40 μm in diameter were achieved using 1–5 seconds for each irradiated spot.

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A new method for generating a hollow Gaussian beam

Cited by 38 publications

References 47 publications

Real-time beam shaping without additional optical elements

Real-time beam shaping without additional optical elements

Hollow Gaussian beam generation through nonlinear interaction of photons with orbital angular momentum

Laser Writing of Block‐Copolymer Images into Mesopores Using SBDC‐Initiated Visible‐Light‐Induced Polymerization

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