A new method for fabricating transparent barrier layers

Affinito, John; Gross, M.; Coronado, C.A.; Graff, Gordon L.; Greenwell, I.N.; Martin, Peter M.

doi:10.1016/s0040-6090(96)09202-4

Cited by 147 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…performance of polymer/oxide/polymer multilayer systems [208,209], and hybrid polymers with inorganic and organic structural units. These materials comprise organically modified oxides [210], plasma-polymerized HMDSO coatings [211,212], so-called organically modified ceramics (ORMOCER [213]) and organically modified silicates (ORMOSIL [214]).…”

Section: Defect-tolerant High-barrier Thin Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability of nanosized oxygen-barrier coatings on polymers

Leterrier

2003

Progress in Materials Science

466

341

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Research on silicon oxide thin films developed as gas-barrier protection for polymer-based components is reviewed, with attention paid to the relations between (i) coating defects, cohesive strength and internal stress state, and (ii) interfacial interactions and related adhesion to the substrate. The deposition process of the oxide from a vapor or a plasma phase leads in both cases to the formation of covalent bonds between the two materials, with high adhesion levels. The oxide coating contains nanoscopic defects and microscopic flaws, and their respective effect on the barrier performance and mechanical resistance of the coating is analyzed. Potential improvements are discussed, including the control of internal stresses in the coating during deposition. Controlled levels of compressive internal stresses in the coating are beneficial to both the barrier performance and the mechanical reliability of the coated polymer. An optimal coating thickness, with low oxygen permeation and high cohesive strength, is determined from experimental and theoretical analyses of the failure mechanisms of the coating under mechanical load. These investigations are found relevant to tailor the interactions and stress state in the interfacial region, in order to improve the reliability of the coating/substrate assembly. #

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Section: Defect-tolerant High-barrier Thin Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability of nanosized oxygen-barrier coatings on polymers

Leterrier

2003

Progress in Materials Science

466

341

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“…The Ca method used in this study, produces curves of optical density versus time that follow the conversion of metallic Ca-a nominally opaque material-to transparent Ca(OH) 2 , as the metal is oxidized by moisture permeating through the test barrier film into an enclosed test cell. Details of the experimental technique can be found elsewhere.…”

Section: Appendix: Estimation Of the Wvtr Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach involves the creation of a multilayered stack of inorganic layers separated by thin organic layers (typically UV-curable acrylates), which allegedly creates a so-called ''tortuous path'' for the diffusing species, thereby lowering the overall permeability of the film. [2][3][4] With this general approach Vitex and others claim water vapor transmission rates (WVTRs) approaching the 10 26 g/m 2 / day target. However, this method is quite costly and not sufficiently robust.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moisture permeability through multilayered barrier films as applied to flexible OLED display

Greener

Vaeth

et al. 2007

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Strict protection of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and other optoelectronic materials from direct contact with ambient moisture and oxygen is one of the major challenges in the development of flexible OLED displays and other flexible electronic devices. This problem is typically addressed by the use of polymeric substrates with multilayered barrier coatings comprising alternating organic/inorganic layers. The multilayered barrier approach is critically examined using a numerical model based on a defect-dominated diffusion process combined with experiments involving face-to-face lamination of two barrier films. The modeling results identify two regimes, corresponding to two distinct permeation mechanisms, and provide scaling relationships and general design criteria for multilayered barrier coatings. The results suggest that the most significant gain in barrier performance can be realized when the thickness of the organic/adhesive layer(s) in the multilayered structure is less than the average pinhole (defect) size in the inorganic barrier layer(s).

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“…[1,2] Prevailing technologies, such as SiO x and Al x O y thin films, provide a relatively impermeable layer to oxygen, but tend to have poor adhesion, flexibility, and require costly vacuum-based processing. [3,4] (2 of 5) 1600594 using formed or wired grooves to deposit a specific wet film thickness. The coating fluid used for this process must have sufficient viscosity to resist dewetting and contain enough polymer to deposit a uniform layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyelectrolyte Coacervates Deposited as High Gas Barrier Thin Films

Haile

Sarwar

Henderson

et al. 2016

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Multilayer films deposited from water using layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly have shown extraordinarily low oxygen permeability and are of high interest due to their robustness, tailorability, and ease of fabrication. [5][6][7][8][9] Despite all the advantages associated with LbL assembly, the large number of processing steps remains a considerable challenge for commercial use. [10,11] In order to apply films composed of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes to substrates using just one or two deposition steps, solutions containing polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) can be employed. [12][13][14][15] PECs are formed by the entropy-driven association of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes in water and can exist as stable colloids, flocculants, or metastable coacervates. [16][17][18][19][20] Governed by conditions such as pH and ionic strength, PEC coacervation is marked by a liquid-liquid phase separation, where a polymer rich coacervate phase is in equilibrium with a polymer poor solution phase. PEC coacervates are composed of weakly bound polyelectrolytes, and have viscous liquid-like behavior that can be exploited to quickly apply them as thin films. [18,[21][22][23][24] In the present study, polyelectrolyte coacervates were applied to substrates using Meyer rod coating (a common type of blade coating), [25] in an effort to quickly fabricate thin oxygen barrier films in a single step. The Meyer rod is drawn across a substrate, doctoring off coating fluid, Multilayer coatings consisting of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes have proven to be extraordinarily effective oxygen barriers but require many processing steps to fabricate. In an effort to prepare high oxygen barrier thin films more quickly, a polyelectrolyte complex coacervate composed of polyethylenimine and polyacrylic acid is prepared. The coacervate fluid is applied as a thin film using a rod coating process. With humidity and thermal posttreatment, a 2 µm thin film reduces the oxygen transmission rate of 0.127 mm poly(ethylene terephthalate) by two orders of magnitude, rivalling conventional oxygen barrier technologies. These films are fabricated in ambient conditions using low-cost, water-based solutions, providing a tremendous opportunity for single-step deposition of polymeric high barrier thin films.

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A new method for fabricating transparent barrier layers

Cited by 147 publications

References 2 publications

Durability of nanosized oxygen-barrier coatings on polymers

Durability of nanosized oxygen-barrier coatings on polymers

Moisture permeability through multilayered barrier films as applied to flexible OLED display

Polyelectrolyte Coacervates Deposited as High Gas Barrier Thin Films

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