A New Method for Drying Waterlogged Wooden Artefacts: Comparison of Cyclical Pressure Drops with Conventional Methods

Sanya, Emile; Rezzoug, Sid-Ahmed; Allaf, Karim

doi:10.1205/026387603770866452

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The reinforcement of waterlogged wooden artifacts (WWA) is an essential aspect of conservation. Although the anaerobic conditions in groundwater or seawater limit the rapid growth of wood‐decaying fungi (Blanchette, 2000; Capretti et al, 2008), long‐term immersion in water causes the degradation of the WWA by various chemicals such as acid, alkali, salt (Bjordal, 2012; Bjordal et al, 2007; Sanya et al, 2003), and some low‐oxygen microorganisms, such as erosion bacteria, tunneling bacteria, and white‐rot fungi (Bastani et al, 2015; McLemore et al, 1999; Ringman et al, 2019). These factors accelerate the degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose, making the artifacts soft and fragile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of bacterial cellulose for xylitol‐reinforced waterlogged wood

Hu,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Archaeometry

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Reinforcement is a critical aspect in the preservation of waterlogged wooden artifacts to ensure their long‐term stability. In this study, we investigated the use of bacterial cellulose compounded with xylitol as a reinforcement material for simulated waterlogged wooden artifacts at varying concentrations. Evaluation of the reinforcement effects was based on indicators such as antishrinking efficacy, mechanical strength, and microscopic morphology. Our findings revealed that bacterial cellulose alone had limited effectiveness but showed enhanced reinforcement when mixed with xylitol. Optimized conditions resulted in remarkable improvements in bending strength (94.5 MPa) and deformation (20 mm) of the reinforced wood. This study offers novel insights and a scientific foundation for the reinforcement of waterlogged wooden artifacts, with potential implications for their preservation in cultural heritage conservation practices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of bacterial cellulose for xylitol‐reinforced waterlogged wood

Hu,

Wang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Archaeometry

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“…When bound water is removed from the cell wall, shrinkage of the wood can occur. The development of contractile capillary forces during natural air-drying can lead to collapse of the degraded wooden structure [14]; thus, methods such as solvent-drying, freeze-drying and supercritical drying have been investigated [15][16][17][18][19][20]. To avoid shrinkage of the wood and strengthen the degraded object, free water is often exchanged for an aqueous polymer solution, typically poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Study of Bio-Based Polymers in the Consolidation of Waterlogged Wooden Objects

et al. 2022

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The removal of water from archaeological wooden objects for display or storage is of great importance to their long-term conservation. Any mechanical instability caused during drying can induce warping or cracking of the wood cells, leading to irreparable damage of the object. Drying of an object is commonly carried out in one of three ways: (i) air-drying with controlled temperature and relative humidity, (ii) drying-out of a non-aqueous solvent or (iii) freeze-drying. Recently, there has been great interest in the replacement of the standard, but limited, polyethylene glycol with biopolymers for wood conservation; however, their behaviour and action within the wood is not completely understood. Three polysaccharides—low-molar-mass (Mw) chitosan (Mw ca. 60,000 g/mol), medium-molar-mass alginate (Mw ca. 100,000 g/mol) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs)-are investigated in relation to their drying behaviour. The method of drying reveals a significant difference in the morphology of these biopolymers both ex situ and within the wood cells. Here, the effect these differences in structuration have on the coating of the wood cells and the biological and thermal stability of the wood are examined, as well as the role of the environment in the formation of specific structures. The role these factors play in the selection of appropriate consolidants and drying methods for the conservation of waterlogged archaeological wooden objects is also investigated. The results show that both alginate and chitosan are promising wood consolidants from a structural perspective and both improve the thermal stability of the lignin component of archaeological wood. However, further modification would be necessary to improve the biocidal activity of alginate before it could be introduced into wooden objects. CNCs did not prove to be sufficiently suitable for wood conservation as a result of the analyses performed here.

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“…doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2010.08.050 DIC has been defined since 1988 and developed through various patents and several industrial realizations [33][34][35][36][37]. DIC technology has been used for the treatment of water-logged-archeological wood [38], post-harvesting and/or steaming of paddy rice [39], bacterial decontamination [36], swell-drying [40,41] and extraction by autovaporization of volatile molecules [42,43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instant controlled pressure drop extraction of lavandin essential oils: Fundamentals and experimental studies

Besombes

Berka-Zougali

Allaf

2010

Journal of Chromatography A

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Détente Instantanée contrôlée (DIC), French for Instant Controlled Pressure Drop, was performed on laboratory apparatus as well as on a pilot plant for proving its feasibility, and identifying the optimized processing conditions and recognizing the energy consumption and the quantity of water used for such an operation. GC-MS and SPME analysis of the extracts and residue material were carried out to assess the extracts and solid residues. The lavandin essential oils obtained by using the new DIC extraction process was studied, modeled and quantitatively and qualitatively compared to the conventional hydrodistillation method. The most important differences between the two essential oils were reflected in the yields, with 4.25 as against 2.3 g EO/100 g of raw matter, and in the extraction time, with 480 s as against some hours for respectively the DIC and the hydrodistillation operations. These differences have been previewed through the fundamental analysis. They can normally explain the great decreasing of energy consumption to be 662 kWh/t of raw material. The amount of water to be added was about 42 kg water/t of raw material.

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A New Method for Drying Waterlogged Wooden Artefacts: Comparison of Cyclical Pressure Drops with Conventional Methods

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Preparation of bacterial cellulose for xylitol‐reinforced waterlogged wood

Preparation of bacterial cellulose for xylitol‐reinforced waterlogged wood

Morphological Study of Bio-Based Polymers in the Consolidation of Waterlogged Wooden Objects

Instant controlled pressure drop extraction of lavandin essential oils: Fundamentals and experimental studies

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