A new method based on pixel density in salt and pepper noise removal

Erkan, Uğur; Gökrem, Levent

doi:10.3906/elk-1705-256

Cited by 95 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…The plots of the average SSIM values, which are obtained from the twenty test images, versus the noise corruption level are shown in Figure 8. From Figure 8a, similar to the observation obtained from the MSE measure, IQASMF is the second best method after DAMF [26] for low corruption levels. From Figure 8b and Figure 8c, IQASMF is the third best method for noise corruption between 25% to 74%.…”

Section: Quantitative Evaluationssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Figure 11 is the case of extreme fixed value impulse noise corruption. As shown in this figure, BPDF [26] has completely failed to restore the image. DAMF [25] and NAFSM [13] are only able to restore the image in some image patches only.…”

Section: Qualitative Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…However, some minor distortions can be observed at the edges of the tree trunks in Figure 10c and in Figures 10e-10h. With the increase of the corruption level, the distortions by BPDF [26] are becoming more severe, as shown in Figure 10d. Figure 11 shows the performance of the methods for a corruption level of 99%.…”

Section: Qualitative Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…As shown in Figure 7, IQASMF has the lowest MSE values for corruption levels that are above 90%. Average MSE value AWMF [27] BPDF [26] DAMF [25] NAFSM [13] QASMF [ [27] QASMF [23] IQASMF (Proposed method) Figure 7. The average MSE values from AWMF [27], QASMF [23], and IQASMF for high corruption levels.…”

Section: Quantitative Evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The original image is shown in Figure 10a, while the corrupted image is shown in Figure 10b. Figure 10c shows the output from AWMF [27], Figure 10d shows the output from BPDF [26], Figure 10e shows the output from DAMF [25], Figure 10f shows the output from NAFSM [13], Figure 10g shows the output from QASMF [23], and Figure 10h shows the output from the proposed method, IQASMF. In Figure 10, the results from AWMF [27], DAMF [25], QASMF [23], and IQASMF are similar to the original image shown in Figure 10a.…”

Section: Qualitative Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improvement of quantized adaptive switching median filter for impulse noise reduction in gray-scale digital images

Ibrahim¹,

Abdalameer²

2019

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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Digital images may suffer from fixed value impulse noise due to several causes. The noise significantly degrades the quality of the image, which may affect the subsequence image processing. Therefore, a noise reduction technique is required to restore the image. In this paper, a new method, which is called improvement of quantized adaptive switching median filter (IQASMF), has been proposed to reduce the fixed value impulse noise from gray-scale digital images. The implementation of IQASMF has five processing blocks. The first processing block is the noise detection block, where the noise pixel candidates are detected based on the intensity value. Then estimation of the local noise density is done by the second processing block. Next, the third processing block filters the corrupted pixel candidates with filters of predefined size, depending on the local noise density. After that, the noise mask is updated in the fourth processing block. Finally, the fifth processing block processes the noise residuals from the third processing block by using a size adaptive filter.Experimental results from twenty standard gray-scale images of various sizes have shown that IQASMF has the ability to restore images for up to 99% of the impulse noise corruption. As compared with the other five median filter-based methods, from the measures of mean squared error (MSE) and structural similarity index (SSIM), it is shown that the performance of IQASMF is equivalent to the performance of other methods at low and medium levels of corruption.However, at high corruption levels, IQASMF has demonstrated the best performance in terms of MSE and SSIM. The outputs from IQASMF also have the best visual appearance.

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Section: Quantitative Evaluationssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Qualitative Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Qualitative Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Quantitative Evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Qualitative Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Improvement of quantized adaptive switching median filter for impulse noise reduction in gray-scale digital images

Ibrahim¹,

Abdalameer²

2019

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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Performance evaluation of 67 denoising filters in ultrasound images: A systematic comparison analysis

Ardakani

Mohammadi

Faeghi

et al. 2023

Int J Imaging Syst Tech

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Noise corrupts ultrasound images and degrades spatial and contrast resolutions. Hence, it is challenging to characterize the lesions precisely using ultrasound images. The present study aims to evaluate 67 denoising filters and select the best one for ultrasound image denoising. Seven test images were synthesized to evaluate the performance of filters at three different noise levels. Eleven full‐reference quantitative image quality metrics (IQMs) were employed to evaluate the performance of the filters. A new filter evaluation method, Rank Analysis, was introduced and utilized at each noise level. The ten best filters with the smallest mean rank in all noise levels were defined for further analysis on real ultrasound images. The Rank Analysis was also employed for real ultrasound images, and filters were evaluated based on 14 IQMs (11 full‐reference and three no‐reference). Finally, the best filter was defined using the repeated measures analysis statistical test. According to the Rank Analysis results, the Spatial correlation (SCorr) filter obtained the best results with the mean rank scores±SD of 1 ± 0, which was significantly better than the other nine filters (p < 0.001). The second‐best results were achieved by three filters, Bitonic, most homogeneous neighborhood, and Lee diffusion (p < 0.05). We concluded that SCorr is the best filter for ultrasound image denoising. It can be used in the pre‐processing step before segmentation and diagnostic procedures. In addition, a new filter evaluation method, Rank Analysis, was introduced in this study, which is easy to use, fast, and provides reliable results. So, it can be used to evaluate newly developed filters in the future studies.

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A Tri-valued Trimmed Mean Decision-Based Filter for Removal of Salt-and-Pepper Noise

Sethi

Garg

Yadav

2022

Artificial Intelligence in Data and Big Data Processing

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A new method based on pixel density in salt and pepper noise removal

Cited by 95 publications

References 31 publications

Improvement of quantized adaptive switching median filter for impulse noise reduction in gray-scale digital images

Improvement of quantized adaptive switching median filter for impulse noise reduction in gray-scale digital images

Performance evaluation of 67 denoising filters in ultrasound images: A systematic comparison analysis

A Tri-valued Trimmed Mean Decision-Based Filter for Removal of Salt-and-Pepper Noise

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