A New Mechanism of Interaction between a Welding Arc Discharge of Reverse-Polarity Direct Current and an Aluminum Surface

The Use of Silicon Production Waste as an Effective Additive in the Manufacture and Machining of Various Materials

“…The paper presents the results of promising applications of chamber products for an activating flux in the non-consumable electrode welding process. The TIG welding makes it possible to obtain high quality joints from steels of various grades, including high-alloyed ones, as well as non-ferrous metals and their alloys [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. The limited use of argon-arc welding for metals of a large thickness is due to its low productivity and thermal efficiency of the arc [17,18], as well as the violation of formation of welds.…”

“…The TIG welding makes it possible to obtain high quality joints from steels of various grades, including high-alloyed ones, as well as non-ferrous metals and their alloys [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. The limited use of argon-arc welding for metals of a large thickness is due to its low productivity and thermal efficiency of the arc [17,18], as well as the violation of formation of welds. It is recommended to weld metal with a thickness of 3 mm and more preceded by the preliminary grooving [19,20].…”

“…It is recommended to weld metal with a thickness of 3 mm and more preceded by the preliminary grooving [19,20]. With an increase in the melting rate of the electrode due to an increase in the welding current, the heat input into the welded joint increases, which can overheat the metal [17,18] and increase the austenite grain and brittleness of the welded joint. Another direction is to increase the penetration depth.…”

“…Another direction is to increase the penetration depth. This can be achieved either by increasing the penetrating ability of the arc by reducing the diameter of the electrode wire, or by using activating fluxes to activate the arc [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

“…Shielding the weld pool with slag with a low level of electrical conductivity causes a decrease in the diameter of the anode spot, while the current density increases. When the total conductive cross section of the arc column decreases, the concentration of thermal energy and the current density increase [5,17,18] which causes the energy concentration in the anode spot and an increase in the penetration depth (Fig. 3).…”