A new look at the phylogeny of coelurosauria (Dlnosauria: Theropoda)

Senter, Phil

doi:10.1017/s1477201907002143

Cited by 110 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…This clade is here named Saurornitholestinae. Bambiraptor has been referred to the Microraptorinae in some studies (43), but our analysis shows that it is not a member of this clade. Although Bambiraptor resembles microraptorines in having a curved pubis, this resemblance is superficial: It is the pubic symphysis that is curved, not the pubic shaft (as is the case in Microraptorinae).…”

Section: Systematicscontrasting

confidence: 57%

A microraptorine (Dinosauria–Dromaeosauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of North America

Longrich

Currie

2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

104

118

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The fossil assemblages of the Late Cretaceous of North America are dominated by large-bodied dinosaur species. Associated skeletons of small dinosaurs are exceedingly rare, and small (<10 kg) carnivorous theropods have not previously been reported from these beds. Here, we describe a small dromaeosaurid from the 75-millionyear-old Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, Canada. Hesperonychus elizabethae gen. et sp. nov. is represented by a pelvic girdle from an animal weighing Ϸ1,900 g. Despite its size, the pubes and ilia are coossified, indicating that the animal was somatically mature. This is the smallest carnivorous, nonavian dinosaur known from North America. Phylogenetic analysis of Hesperonychus reveals that it is not closely related to previously described North American dromaeosaurids. Instead, Hesperonychus is a member of the dromaeosaurid clade Microraptorinae, a group containing the 4-winged Microraptor and the feathered Sinornithosaurus, both from the Lower Cretaceous Jehol Group of China. Hesperonychus is the youngest known member of this lineage, extending the temporal range of the clade by 45 million years, and it is the first microraptorine known from North America, providing further evidence for an affinity between the dinosaur faunas of North America and Asia. Study of fossil collections from the Dinosaur Park and Oldman formations of Alberta has revealed numerous isolated bones of small, basal dromaeosaurids, which are tentatively referred to Hesperonychus. These fossils suggest that small dromaeosaurids were a significant component of the carnivore community in this Late Cretaceous biota.Campanian ͉ Dinosaur Park Formation ͉ microraptorinae ͉ theropoda

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Section: Systematicscontrasting

confidence: 57%

A microraptorine (Dinosauria–Dromaeosauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of North America

Longrich

Currie

2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

104

118

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“…Coelurus fragilis is excluded from the tree owing to widely conflicting interpretations regarding its taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships (e.g. Senter 2007;Turner et al 2007a,b; this study).…”

Section: Palaeobiological Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

A new North American therizinosaurid and the role of herbivory in ‘predatory’ dinosaur evolution

et al. 2009

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Historically, ecomorphological inferences regarding theropod (i.e. 'predatory') dinosaurs were guided by an assumption that they were singularly hypercarnivorous. A recent plethora of maniraptoran discoveries has produced evidence challenging this notion. Here, we report on a new species of maniraptoran theropod, Nothronychus graffami sp. nov. Relative completeness of this specimen permits a phylogenetic reassessment of Therizinosauria-the theropod clade exhibiting the most substantial anatomical evidence of herbivory. In the most comprehensive phylogenetic study of the clade conducted to date, we recover Therizinosauria as the basalmost maniraptoran lineage. Using concentrated changes tests, we present evidence for correlated character evolution among herbivorous and hypercarnivorous taxa and propose ecomorphological indicators for future interpretations of diet among maniraptoran clades. Maximum parsimony optimizations of character evolution within our study indicate an ancestral origin for dietary plasticity and facultative herbivory (omnivory) within the clade. These findings suggest that hypercarnivory in paravian dinosaurs is a secondarily derived dietary specialization and provide a potential mechanism for the invasion of novel morpho-and ecospace early in coelurosaurian evolution-the loss of obligate carnivory and origin of dietary opportunism.

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“…If so, this may be a feature uniting therizinosauroids and oviraptorosaurs into a clade. Such a clade was commonly recovered in earlier versions of the TWiG dataset (e.g., Turner et al, 2007, and earlier iterations), but is not found in more recent iterations because many of the characters once thought to unite these two clades are now reconstructed as convergences shared by derived members, but not basal taxa, of each group (e.g.., Senter, 2007;Zanno et al, 2009;Turner et al, 2012). This realization is largely due to the inclusion and better description of more primitive taxa along the oviraptorosaur and therizinosaur lineages.…”

Section: The Evolution Of Cranial Pneumaticity In Theropodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Cranial Pneumatic Sinuses of the TyrannosauridAlioramus(Dinosauria: Theropoda) and the Evolution of Cranial Pneumaticity in Theropod Dinosaurs

Gold

Brusatte

Norell

2013

American Museum Novitates

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Archosaurs and mammals exhibit skeletal pneumaticity, where bone is infilled by airfilled soft tissues. Some theropod dinosaurs possess extensively pneumatic skulls in which many of the individual bones are hollowed out by diverticula of three main cranial sinus systems: the paranasal, suborbital, and tympanic sinuses. Computed tomography (CT scanning) permits detailed study of the internal morphology of cranial sinuses. But only a few theropod specimens have yet been subjected to this type of analysis. We present CT scans of the remarkably preserved and disarticulated skull bones of the long-snouted tyrannosaurid theropod Alioramus. These scans indicate that Alioramus has extensive cranial pneumaticity, with pneumatic sinuses invading the maxilla, lacrimal, jugal, squamosal, quadrate, palatine, ectopterygoid, and surangular. Pneumaticity is not present, however, in the nasal, postorbital, quadratojugal, pterygoid, or angular. Comparisons between Alioramus and other theropods (most importantly the closely related Tyrannosaurus) show that the cranial sinuses of Alioramus are modified to fill the long-snouted skull of this taxon, and that Alioramus has an extreme degree of cranial pneumaticity compared to other theropods, which may be the result of the juvenile status of the specimen, a difference in feeding style between Alioramus and other theropods, or passive processes. Based on these comparisons, we provide a revised terminology of cranial pneumatic structures and review the distribution, variation, and evo-

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A new look at the phylogeny of coelurosauria (Dlnosauria: Theropoda)

Cited by 110 publications

References 71 publications

A microraptorine (Dinosauria–Dromaeosauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of North America

A microraptorine (Dinosauria–Dromaeosauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of North America

A new North American therizinosaurid and the role of herbivory in ‘predatory’ dinosaur evolution

The Cranial Pneumatic Sinuses of the TyrannosauridAlioramus(Dinosauria: Theropoda) and the Evolution of Cranial Pneumaticity in Theropod Dinosaurs

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